Arquitetura escolar bioclimática pós covid-19: estudo preliminar de centro de educação infantil e alfabetização com abordagem montessoriana

Abstract

This undergraduate final task consists of a preliminary study of early childhood education and literacy center with a Montessori approach, post-COVID-19, emphasizing bioclimatic strategies. The process started by identifying the primary spatial needs for applying the Montessori teaching methodology. Passive measures of thermal radiation cooling and natural daytime and nighttime ventilation were determined to provide thermal comfort and air renewal rates necessary to prevent airborne transmission of the virus. An in-depth theoretical study was carried out on the themes, reference studies, and legal and environmental conditions studies. The analysis of this information set resulted in the “breathing building” concept, where the necessary actions for life, such as breathing and living together in the same space, are reestablished. The design process developed gradually, with formal and functional alternatives to explore learning environments. The result is a school with 410 m² floor area, for 80 children from two to six years of age, with high wind permeability and heavy thermal mass shaded by devices and integrated vegetation, which meets the premises of the project.