Financiamento de inovações no ecossistema nordestino de 2006 a 2023

Abstract

This study analyzes the innovation ecosystem in the Northeast region of Brazil, with an emphasis on the impacts of financing mechanisms and public policies on regional development from 2006 to 2023. The research used data from the Innovation Survey (PINTEC) and disbursements from the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) to assess innovation dynamics, focusing on regional, sectoral, and economic factors. The results indicated that innovation in the region is still mostly incremental, concentrated on process modernization and machinery acquisition, reflecting structural challenges such as the lack of investment in Research and Development (R\&D), limited cooperation between companies and universities, and high costs and risks associated with innovation. The econometric model revealed that BNDES disbursements alone had no statistically significant impact on promoting innovation, while the infrastructure sector stood out as the main driver in the period analyzed. This study contributes to the debate on innovation and regional development, offering support for the formulation of more effective public policies that promote competitiveness and reduce regional inequalities.