Insuficiência socioeconômica multidimensional: um olhar para as diferenças entre o rural e o urbano no Brasil (2016-2022)

Abstract

Poverty and inequality in rural and urban areas present themselves as structural challenges that transcend a one-dimensional perspective. In view of this, the present study aims to analyze poverty and inequality from a multidimensional perspective, through the evolution of the Multidimensional Socioeconomic Insufficiency Index (IISM), a methodology developed by Trovão et al. (2023). To this end, microdata from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNAD Contínua), published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), for the years 2016-2022, except 2020/2021, due to non-availability by IBGE, are used. The results point to a high degree of Socioeconomic Insufficiency (SI) in rural areas, in all dimensions analyzed. A worsening in the housing conditions indicator stands out in 2022 for rural areas, in contrast to urban areas. The need to promote public policies that address the needs of the rural environment is evident, with the aim of reducing the gap between rural and urban spaces in Brazil.