Predição de pontos de corte de índices antropométricos e distribuição de gordura corporal para predição de fatores de risco cardiometabólico e síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Morbimortality is becoming more and more frequent, mainly caused by non-transmissible chronic diseases. Having a screening tool to aid in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk, which is quick, easy to use and low cost, is a necessity for the reality of Brazilian public health, which cannot provide access to routine exams for the entire population . Thus, the objective of the study was to propose cutoff points for anthropometric indices in order to identify cardiometabolic risk and metabolic syndrome, as well as to compare their predictive capacity.This is a descriptive study with a crosssectional design. The sample consisted of 330 subjects, 192 female and 138 male, university students aged between 18 and 59 years. As inclusion criteria, participants could or could not present any valid criteria for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, NCEP/ATP III. A body shape index, Body Roundess index, Waist circumference and waist/height ratio (ABSI, BRI, CC, WHtR). The percentage of fat was verified by means of DXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry), in addition to determining from the blood sample, the serum concentrations of fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDLcholesterol and triglycerides. Blood pressure was also measured. As a result, the cutoff points for anthropometric indices for females were proposed: ABSI >0.073; BRI >1.81; CC >87.8 and WHtR >0.52; in addition to the cutoff points for body fat distribution: 49.5% for total fat, 42.9% for gynoid fat and 44.2% for android fat. For males, the following results were proposed: ABSI >0.079; BRI >3.42; WC >90 and WHtR >0.5 as cutoff points for anthropometric indices; and 26.3% for total body fat, for gynoid fat 28.7% and android fat 34.5%. Based on the sensitivity and specificity of the data, we were able to observe that CC obtained excellent results for both genders, and can be widely applied in the Brazilian population., in addition to the BRI, which obtained better results for females and the RCE for males, obtaining optimal cut-off points for screening for cardiometabolic risk and metabolic syndrome. In addition, it was evidenced that the ABSI does not have a good predictive power for the analyzed risk factors. As for adiposity, android fat was found to be the best predictor of cardiometabolic risk and metabolic syndrome.