Obesidade sarcopênica relacionada aos critérios de classificação da sarcopenia em idosos, estudo Brazuca – Natal

Abstract

The world population aging allows more health problems to be identified, such as the presence of sarcopenic obesity. This is characterized as the junction of the progressive reduction of muscle mass and/or strength, which still does not have an established standard diagnosis, with the increase in adipose tissue, affecting mainly the elderly public. Therefore, this study aimed to associate the classification criteria of sarcopenia with obesity in elderly individuals. To this end, a sample of 191 people was obtained, which included all the elderly participants in the BRAZUCA-Natal Study. Weight, height, waist circumference, hand grip strength and sociodemographic data were collected. The classification of sarcopenia followed the criteria adopted by the EWGSOP (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People). Data were evaluated as mean and standard deviation, relative and absolute frequencies. For analysis of dependence between variables, simple and multiple linear regression was performed. For all tests, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. We observed that obesity in the elderly was higher in women and was associated with schooling and the presence of systemic arterial hypertension. The prevalences of sarcopenia and sarcopenic abdominal obesity in the elderly were 23.6% and 17.8%, respectively, which did not differ between genders (p>0.05). In simple linear regression, we observed that the variables gender (β= -11.47; p<0.001) age group (β= - 8.62; p<0.001) and sarcopenia (β= -9.69; p<0.001) influenced in the prediction for muscle strength, while gender (β= -9.35; p<0.001) and age group (β= -3.77; p=0.010) influenced muscle mass. In multiple analysis, we identified that the variables of sex (β= 12.23; p<0.001) and sarcopenia (β= -9.98; p<0.001) influenced muscle strength, while for muscle mass, significance was seen with sex (β = 10.25; p<0.001), sarcopenia (β= -1.86; p<0.003) and obesity (β= 4.24, p<0.001). We conclude that the presence of sarcopenia in the elderly resulted in a decrease in strength and muscle mass, these complications impair the quality of life and consequently the autonomy and execution of daily activities of this public.