Yoga sentada versus yoga sentada restaurativa: um estudo comparativo entre modalidades de yoga

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the influence of seated yoga and restorative seated yoga on flexibility, balance and satisfaction in the elderly. As for the specific objectives: to draw up a movement plan adapted for the chair with reference to yoga postures; to assess the functional performance of elderly people in terms of balance and flexibility; and To find out the impressions and sensations of the participants through their experience of seated yoga and restorative seated yoga classes. Methods: This was an acute study with participants randomized and organized into two independent groups: the experimental group (G1) and the control group (G2); they were screened using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (I-PAQ). The final sample consisted of 18 participants, with Seated Yoga (YS) = 09 (6 men, 3 women) and Restorative Seated Yoga (YSR) = 09 (6 men, 3 women). Flexibility was assessed using the Sanny® Fleximeter and balance using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). In addition to haemodynamic tests of heart rate and blood pressure. Results: Statistically, there was no difference between the groups in terms of the delta percentage (▲%) of improvement, suggesting that seated yoga and restorative seated yoga promote similar effects in terms of flexibility and balance, resting heart rate and blood pressure. However, of the 28 variables comparing the effects, 8 of them showed positive data (+) at the median, signaling an improvement or equivalence in the ranges of movement and their areas. In the BSE assessment, there was a statistical correlation between the values for G1 and G2 in 10 of the 14 variables. There was also an effect size of >0.50 (r=0.5062) for systolic blood pressure and item 7 of the BSE (standing without support with feet together). The score achieved on the BSE in G1 showed a difference of more in the post period by 06 participants, while 02 had less and 01 had the same score in both periods. In G2, there was an upward difference at the post-point for 04 participants, 01 remained the same and 04 lost between 1-5 points. However, all the participants in both groups are within the parameters considered acceptable balance and good balance. As for the interview data, there was a predominance of Themes (Exercises and Sensations) in the categories, with the following contents: body, relaxation, health and well-being, and Dimensions (Physical, Sensory and Mental). These data expressed the frequency with which they were reported in the speeches and corroborate the states experienced, leading to the inference that the activity is widely accepted, in addition to the sensations experienced. Final considerations: Although there were no statistical differences in the analyses between seated yoga and restorative seated yoga classes, there were important contributions in terms of the practices being accessible, inclusive and safe for people with low mobility, as well as promoting feelings of well-being and improving functional performance. It was found to be easy to assimilate and perform for people with visual impairments, cognitive difficulties, and neurological conditions such as senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Further studies are needed to broaden these discussions and investigate different developments. Finally, it can be concluded that YS and YSR are suitable activities for different populations that require mobility adaptation and can be used as an integrative and complementary practice.