Perfil da atuação fonoaudiológica em pacientes com disfagia orofaríngea de um hospital universitário

Abstract

Purpose: to know the speech therapist’s action profile in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) of a University Hospital. Methods: a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study, with patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia’s records treated in the University Teaching Hospital Onofre Lopes. Were included female and male patients treated in 2018 and excluded the ones with cognitive changes, afasia with records of comprehension alteration. The data analyses occurred by the distribution of relative and absolut frequencies. Results: The sample comprised 27 (51%) of women and 26 (49%) of men of an average age of 55 years old, minimum of 1 and maximum of 93 years old and standard deviation ±21. From these individuals, 26(49%) lived in the capital of the State and 27(51%) were from the macro-region cities. Most f them were referred from the Neurology servisse. The most frequente underlying diseases were developed neurologically, whereby the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (30,2%) and the Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) (15%) were Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) (35,8%), pulmonar complications (26,4%) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (22,6%). The most frequente signs and symptoms were: consistency changes because of swallowing difficulty (77,3%), choking (75,4%) and cough (64,1%). From the procedures performed, all of them received speech patologist evaluation, most of them by videoendoscopy of swallowing (88,6%) and speech therapy management (92,4%). Conclusion: Mostly, the speech therapist’s action profile embraced the speech therapy assessment and management procedures, to a demand mostly women, from the macro-region of the State, referred from the Neurology Service, due to the fact they brought OD as a result, most of the time from ALS and CVA, along with SAH, pulmonar complications and DM morbidities.