Educação física nos serviços de saúde mental no SUS: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, brought forth by de law amendment 10.216 of Aprial 6th 2001, brings a new model of care based on the support of freedom and of a society without old fashioned mental asylums. Physical Education has multiple approaches to help deinstitutionalize patients of CAPS (Center for Psicossocial Care) programme, seeing that P.E. practice oftenly transposes users to this unique service sphere, beyond their fiscal and financial limitations. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the contribution of P.E. teachers to mental health services on SUS (Unified Health System), Brazilian universal health system, using specialized scientific literature as source. The chosen methodology was a bibliographical research, which categorizes integrative revision. Initially, 50 articles were found, after complete reading, the sample was 18. This articles found showcase the experiences and perceptions of P.E. teachers that work in SUS mental health services. The texts were analyzed, compared and, as a whole, they highlight the challenges and potentials of the activities, as well as nuclear and field practices that were tested. Initially, in the first part, it is addressed the methodological and general aspects of the papers, such as authors, location, date and nomenclature of professional nature. The second part explores challenges and promising possibilities in performance and insertion of Physical Education in CAPS. Lastly, in the third part, the practices developed in nucleus and on field by the studies, were evaluated. In spite of several structural fragilities faced, e.g., precarious work conditions, scarcity of resources on SUS, fragmented work schedule and lack of proper facilities. P.E. Teachers have shown efficacy on their tasks. These practices not only contribute to the formation of social bonds and the deinstitutionalization of CAPS patients, but also evidentiate the intersectoral actions in health care and demonstrate the relevancy and untapped potential to its application in mental health.