Energia física intravaginal para o tratamento de síndrome genitourinária da menopausa em sobreviventes do câncer de mama: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) significantly impacts breast cancer survivors (BCS). Physical methods, such as laser and radiofrequency, have shown promise as treatment options, making it essential to analyze the scientific literature for their application in this specific group. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA protocol registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023387680). An extensive database search was conducted to identify 4 randomized clinical trials evaluating the use of intravaginal physical energy in women with non-metastatic breast cancer. Results: A total of 2,588 articles were found, of which only 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the assessment of improvement in vaginal atrophy, sexual dysfunction, urinary symptoms, and vaginal health. A total of 185 cancer survivors were included. The studies suggest short-term improvements in GSM symptoms with physical energies; however, no differences were observed between the control groups. The need for additional research is highlighted, as well as the lack of consensus on the best therapy and the necessity for more objective evaluation methods, recognizing the heterogeneity of protocols as a limitation. Conclusion: Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, meta-analysis was not possible, and the efficacy of intravaginal physical therapies for GSM in breast cancer survivors could not be confirmed. However, the studies demonstrated safety. Therefore, more high-quality and homogeneous studies are needed to evaluate efficacy, with similar outcomes and methods.