Análise dos aspectos socioambientais e econômicos nos parques eólicos da região do Seridó Oriental do Rio Grande do Norte.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the economic, social and environmental impacts of wind farms in the Eastern Seridó, with a focus on the Anemus Wind Complex, located in the municipalities of Currais Novos and São Vicente, in Rio Grande do Norte. In order to obtain the results, the research used a qualitative and exploratory approach to understand how the production of wind energy, as a less polluting and renewable source, has transformed the energy matrix of the Seridó and generated socio-economic and environmental benefits. In addition to these benefits, the results highlighted some of the challenges faced by local communities, who are often excluded from decision-making processes and face problems such as land speculation, changes to the landscape and the loss of productive areas that were previously used for family farming. In addition, environmental impacts such as deforestation of the caatinga and habitat fragmentation reinforce the need for more inclusive and sustainable public policies. Therefore, although wind farms are essential for the energy transition, their expansion must be accompanied by strategies that promote greater equity and environmental preservation, ensuring that the benefits actually promote sustainable development.