Alfabetização científica a partir de experimentos químicos: uma vivência nos anos iniciais

Abstract

As the educational process in which the teacher thinks and performs the activities lonely and disconnected from the reality in which his/her class is inserted it is rejected, some paths are presented in which the teaching activity happens to be built collectively. In trying to break the historical process in which the student fits him/herself to the educational model offered, we have the image of the reflective teacher who evaluates his/her practice and seeks ways to adapt the curriculum structure of the school he/she works in to the needs of his/her students and the society that surrounds them. In this perspective, this study aims to propose moments of scientific literacy in science classes in which scientific experiments were used. It was adopted the qualitative type of research, the use of semi-structured questionnaires and the participant observation as data collection techniques. Initially, the bibliographical study that discusses the subject in question having as basis the current educational legislation such as the National Education Plan (Brazil), National Curriculum Parameters (Brazil), National Curriculum Guidelines (Brazil), as well as studies developed by authors such as Demétrio Delizoicovi, Marta Maria Castanho A. Pernambuco, José André Peres Angotti, Ana Maria Pessoa de Carvalho and Leonir Lorenzetti. Concerning the literature on scientific literacy, it was planned a sequence of lessons that were experienced during five meetings in a fifth grade group in a elementary school from the educational state network in Rio Grande do Norte. The results are encouraging as they present the interests of the students to get to know more properly concepts that have been studied (gastric juice, belching, digestion, etc.) and show possibilities of fostering the scientific literacy processes, in elementary school initial years, concatenated with the propositions defended by the focus in Science, Technology and Society (STS).