Disfunção temporomandibular em idosos e sua relação com a saúde bucal, mastigação e deglutição

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Check the signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders in the elderly and analyze their relation with oral health, chewing and swallowing. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study, consisting of 196 elderly (≥60 years). For data collection, the Temporomandibular Disorder Questionnaire (QST/DTM) was used as an instrument for tracking signs and symptoms of TMD, the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), the Tracking of masticatory disorders in the elderly (RAMI) and the tracking of oropharyngeal dysphagia in the elderly (RaDI). Descriptive and analytical were performed using Spearman correlation tests. RESULTS: The mean age was 68.95 (±5.95), 29 (14.8%) male and 167 (85.2%) female. There was a negative correlation of weak degree (p=0.006) between age and QST/DTM. Only 61 (31.1%) of the individuals had a high perception of oral health. There was a negative and moderate correlation (p<0.001) between GOHAI and QST/DTM. Positive indication of moderate degree (p<0.001) of the correlation between RaDI and QST/DTM. Moderate positive correlation (p<0.001) between QST/DTM and RAMI results. CONCLUSION: More signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction were identified in younger elderly than in older ones. There was a relationship of TMD signs and symptoms with oral health, chewing and swallowing, indicating that the more frequent the signs and symptoms, the greater the impairment of oral health and chewing and swallowing functions.