Efeito da Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana e do Probiótico Lactobacillus Casei Sobre os Níveis Séricos de Citocinas Inflamatórias e Marcadores de Estresse Oxidativo em um Modelo de Periodontite Apical em Ratos

Abstract

Objectives: Evaluating and comparing antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with the use of Lactobacillus casei probiotic on a profile of serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and interleukin-10) and oxidative stress in gum tissue markers in an experimental periapical periodontitis (PP) model. Methods: for this in vivo, randomized and controlled pre-clinical trial, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups: positive control with periapical periodontitis (PPG), probiotic (Gprob), antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and probiotic associated with aPDT (Gprob+aPDT). The PP was induced through pulp exposure in all the animals, with the intracanal bleeding being the clinical sign of the disease induction. Daily, the probiotic was administered on Gprob and Gprob+aPDT groups through gavage for 30 days, the other groups got saline solution as placebo. The aPDT was performed with 0.01% methylene blue during 5 minutes of pre-irradiation, and then the laser was applied, with a wavelength of 660 nm during 90 seconds, totalling 9J. After 30 days of treatment for GPA group and 60 days of treatment for the other, the animals were euthanized, and blood samples were collected and destined to interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10). The gum tissue were collected and destined to malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) dosage. Results: It was observed a reduction of the IL-6 levels to the aPDT (p<0.0001) and Gprob + aPDT (p<0.0001) groups in relation to the PPG group. Similarly, an increase of IL-10 dosage was verified for animals treated with aPDT (p<0.0001) and Gprob + aPDT (p<0.0001) when compared to the PPG group. Regarding the MDA and GSH levels, it wasn’t found statistically significant differences between the groups. Final considerations: The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), in an adjuvant way to the treatment of the PP, associated or not to the probiotic, reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines.