Uma proposta de estação meteorológica de baixo custo para coleta e tratamento de dados climatológicos

Abstract

The collection of meteorological data from climatological stations holds invaluable relevance for society, as the information produced allows for decisions that directly impact our personal and professional lives, as well as directly influencing various commercial and industrial sectors. Although the analysis of climatic data is an essential technique for predicting meteorological phenomena, enabling more assertive decision-making, the high cost of implementing a state-of-the-art climatological station prevents us from having such equipment in all municipalities in the country, limiting data collection and consequently reducing the reliability of meteorological forecasting models for weather and climate. Alternatively, the use of low-cost climatological stations is often avoided for professional purposes due to errors generated by the sensors during data collection. As data accuracy is crucial, potential inconsistencies can lead to incorrect forecasts with undesirable consequences. This paper presents a weather station model developed to solve the problem of collecting and transmitting meteorological data. Using low-cost sensors, the station automates the data collection and transmission process, minimizing errors during reading and handling. Post-processing is carried out using the MICE toolkit, which detects and corrects inconsistencies in the data. As a result, it was possible to build a low-cost weather station, generate a database with readings every 15 seconds, send them to Thingspeak, and apply corrections for missing data. In addition, temperature values were estimated based on valid metrics. The conclusion highlights the feasibility of the solution, the importance of corrections to ensure the reliability of the results, as well as reducing costs and promoting the use of the station in research and practical applications.