Aspectos sociodemográficos, de saúde, assistenciais e a correlação com a qualidade de vida de pessoas com úlcera venosa

Abstract

Venous ulcer is characterized by irregular and circumscribed loss of the dermis and epidermis, which can affect subcutaneous and underlying tissues. Its cause is related to dysfunction of the venous vascular system. It is considered a major public health problem, generating an impact on the economy, permanent pain, inability to perform activities of daily living, biopsychosocial problems, social isolation, and a decrease in quality of life. The study aims to evaluate the quality of life of people with venous ulcer through ChronIc Venous Insufficiency quality of life Questionnaire (CIVIQ-20). A cross-sectional, quantitative, non-probabilistic sample composed of 30 people with venous disease who had active ulcer, Clinical APC 6, performed at the angiology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte between March and November 2016, through a structured interview form with sociodemographic and health characteristics and a Health Related Quality of Life instrument, CIVIQ-20. Prevalence in this study was over 60 years old (66.7%), female (86.7%), single widowed or divorced (66.7%), low educational level (83.3%). 40% had a family history of venous disease, 80% had gestations, 76.7% had varicose veins, and 70% had arterial hypertension. 73.3% had a VU treatment time greater than six months and 70.0% had no guidance for the use of compressive therapy. All the dimensions of the CIVIQ (Physical, Pain, Social and Psychological) and total score of the instrument obtained means and medians with values that approximate the scores of worse quality of life, with statistically significant variations (p<0.001), Physical dimension with a mean of 71.0 and Pain with a mean of 67.0. When correlating the quality of life dimensions of CIVIQ between them, the correlation was moderate to strong, with a significant p-value for all correlations between dimensions. With emphasis on the correlation between the physical dimension and pain dimension, as well as physical dimension with the total score of the instrument. Conclusion: The results show a major impact on the dimensions of the instrument in the quality of life of patients with CVD study participants, highlighting the pain and physical dimension. It is confirmed that the CIVIQ is an instrument of high reliability to verify the quality of life of people with venous disease.