Análise da trajetória de uso dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual por crianças e adolescentes com deficiência auditiva

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the use record of Hearing AidsI in a group of children and adolescents with hearing loss enrolled in a SUS rehabilitation center. Method: approved by institutional CEP under number 5,924,421. This is a mixed method, methodological, retrospective and cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of 27 children with mild to profound sensorineural hearing loss, of which 22 had bilateral hearing loss and 5 had unilateral hearing loss and their respective guardians. In study 1, with a methodological design, the cross-cultural adaptation of the Parent Hearing Aid Management Inventory into Brazilian Portuguese is presented in Article 1. Two stages and eight steps were carried out to achieve the adaptation: obtaining permission from the authors; formation of a committee of experts who worked on some of the steps to validate the translation, translation by 2 proficient translators, synthesis of translations and evaluation of equivalences, reverse translation and synthesis of the same, pilot study with 10 families to verify applicability of the instrument and synthesis of the final version of the instrument. In study 2, the trajectory of the time of use of hearing aids was characterized, through the collection of data from medical records, in the years 2019, 2022 and collection of datalogging in 2023. Using an Excel® spreadsheet, data from 86 medical records was tabulated. Of these 86, it was found that there was complete information in 27 medical records. Statistical tests were applied to evaluate the normality of the data and repeated measures ANOVA to verify the variation in the time of use in the evaluated period. Results: the adaptation of the inventory, in Brazilian Portuguese, called Hearing Aid Management Inventory for the Family was presented (Article 1). Regarding the trajectory of use of the devices, there was no statistically significant variation in the time of use of hearing aids in the measurements carried out in the years 2019, 2022 and 2023, observing that the year 2019 was the period in which more children used the devices less than 10h/day, below ideal for the acquisition and development of listening and language skills. Of the 27 children, 16 are on alert for use, since in one of the 3 periods evaluated they remained using the devices insufficiently. Of these, 4 had datalogging below 10h/day in the three measurements taken, indicating an important risk for auditory and language development. Conclusion: the adaptation of the PHAMI inventory to Brazilian Portuguese and the analysis of the trajectory of use of hearing devices brings contributions to auditory rehabilitation in childhood in our country. Monitoring the use of hearing devices is essential and should be part of the routine in auditory rehabilitation services, as a way of ensuring assertive therapeutic planning and effective results for this population. Follow-up and multicenter studies are relevant to enhance the use of hearing devices in the hearing-impaired child population.