Protocolo para prevenção e controle de extravasamento e infiltrações de administrações intravenosas não oncológicas

Abstract

Introduction – Extravasation and infiltration are adverse events that occur in patients requiring intravenous drug administration known as vesicant ant irritant, respectively. Depending on the degree of tissue damage, these injuries can increase morbidity, cost, and length of hospital internment. Recognition of high-risk drugs, the main signs and symptoms and treatments available remain the standard of care for the prevention of these injuries. Objective – To develop a protocol that provides guidance and conduct to be applied in the event of extravasation or infiltration of non-oncological injectable drugs/solutions. Material and methods – A literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, UpToDate®, Trissel Lexicomp® from January to June 2023 using the following terms: extravasation, infiltration, irritant and vesicant. The protocol will contain wich drugs/solutions are considered irritants or vesicants, ATC code, standardized institution’s available presentations, injury mechanism, type of treatments, and a flowchart of immediate conducts. Results – A protocol was prepared containing quick reference materials in form of tables and flowchart in which the medicines currently standardized in HUOL are classified as vesicants or irritants containing all the information mentioned above and the recommended immediate actions, respectively. Final considerations – The protocol was prepared concisely with updated information available in the literature consulted in order to provide quick reference material, as well as an instrument that, after validation, will promote the standardization of conduct in the event of an extravasation or infiltration and thus contribute to increasingly effective and safe patient care.