Diagnóstico de leucemias agudas por citometria de fluxo: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Acute leukemias (AL) are a group of hematological malignancies that require accurate and rapid diagnosis to increase treatment results. Flow cytometry (FC) is a sensitive and specific method for immunophenotypic characterization of leukemic cells. Immunophenotyping, performed using the flow cytometry technique, is useful in the diagnosis, classification and immunophenotypic characterization of these neoplasms, as well as in the assessment of prognosis, staging and monitoring. However, cytogenetic and molecular analyzes currently allow for a more precise definition in the diagnosis of AL when applied together with CF. Analysis of blood cells affected by CF leukemogenesis is useful in determining the sub-type of leukemia and directing the patient to more appropriate treatment. The tests used in the early diagnosis of leukemia, as they are highly complex and require knowledge in the areas of cytomorphology, immunology, and genetics, must be carried out by a team of highly qualified specialists. In conclusion, laboratory findings have prognostic value and enable the stratification of patients into different risk groups, having fundamental importance in determining and establishing appropriate treatment