Alterações metabólicas no processo de sobrepeso e obesidade: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

With the evolution of the overweight and obesity epidemic in the 21st century and the high public health costs due to the increase in adipose tissue, the objective of this paper is to address, through a literature review, the main metabolic alterations in obese individuals. For the preparation of this work, information obtained from the reading of physical and electronic books and articles published in databases from 2019 to 2024 was used. Significant changes in immune and inflammatory responses were identified, mediated by the hormonal activity of adipokines present in white adipose tissue, influencing the onset of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The pathology of obesity and overweight is complex and multifactorial, due to all the physiological and metabolic changes in these individuals, necessitating improved treatment for these patients, respecting individuality and combating the prejudices associated with the condition.