Perfil dos transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho no Brasil

Abstract

The restructuring of the economy brought significant changes to employment relations and production processes. In these work contexts, there is an intensification of habitual occupational exposures, with an impact on physical and mental health, generating a new morbidity and mortality profile. The objective of this article is to describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile of work-related mental disorders reported in Brazil. This is a descriptive epidemiological study. Data from the National Health Survey (PNS) carried out in 2019 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in partnership with the Ministry of Health were used. Sample of 204 adults. Data were extracted between August and October 2023. Analyzed using SPSS statistical software, temporary version 25.0. The absolute and relative frequencies (%), measures of central tendency and data dispersion and the Chi-square test were calculated to evaluate the association between the variables, adopting a significance level of 5%. Work-related mental disorders in Brazil affect more people who are female (%), aged up to 42 years old (%), mixed race (%), living in the Northeast region (%), state single civil servant (%). The majority have an income of up to R$2,000.00 (%) and have completed high school (%), who claim to drink alcohol (%), deny smoking (%) and do not practice physical activities (%). Regarding work, the majority have only one employment relationship (%), in a private company (%), with a workload of 31 to 45 hours per week (%) and a formal contract (%). Depression (%) and the “other diagnoses” category (%) were the most common. The majority did not have health insurance (%) and had problems with sleep (%), disposition, interest, appetite and mood (%) on more than half of the days during the last two weeks. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop public policies and actions aimed at workers with mental suffering, so that they are fully assisted, considering biopsychosocial aspects.