Diferenciais raciais entre mulheres sem filhos ao final do período reprodutivo no mercado de trabalho nordestino em 2015

Abstract

During the second half of the 20th century, Brazilian society was marked by changes, especially with regard to women's space in education, the world of work and personal choices. A point of great importance that paved the way for others was urbanization, combined with the industrialization of the country, which attracted people to large urban centers in search of jobs and better living conditions. It was in this context that contraception methods entered the country and became accessible to women, who became more able to decide when, how many or if they would like to have children. Another major advance was the expansion of basic and higher education centers, which allowed more and more people to have access to education and, consequently, better working conditions. Among these people who were able to take advantage of these opportunities are women. Currently, many studies have already dealt with the evolution of Brazilian women in the final decades of the last century, however, there are few that deal with Northeastern women and their relationship with the job market, from a racial point of view. Especially when the focus is not on the totality of women, but on those who remained in the job market and who may have done so to the detriment of motherhood. Therefore, this work had as its object of study working women from the Northeast who reached the end of their reproductive period (45 to 49 years old), without having had children, according to race/color differences and we analyzed them by level of education, profession and income. Using data from PNAD 2015, a descriptive analysis of variables was carried out, together with the ANOVA variance analysis test, referring to the three themes mentioned and it was found that these women are studying more, working in areas of the market that were previously only accessible to men and many of them are assuming the position of heads of the household in which they live.