Complicações crônicas decorrentes da diabetes mellitus sensíveis à atenção primária à saúde no Rio Grande do Norte: um estudo de série histórica

Abstract

Introduction: Primary Health Care (PHC) is characterized as a gateway to the Unified Health System (SUS), aiming to meet the health needs of the population. Thus, it is responsible for solving about 80% of health problems. Primary care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are damage to health, in which the development of PHC actions, such as early diagnosis, adequate treatment of acute diseases, in addition to the control and monitoring of chronic conditions, can reduce the risk of hospitalization. . Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition sensitive to primary care, consequently, the good management of this chronic condition, even at this level of complexity, avoids hospitalizations and deaths resulting from the complications generated by the disease. Objective: To analyze cases of hospitalization and mortality, resulting from diabetes mellitus, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from 2020 to 2020. Methodology: This is an ecological study, with a retrospective analysis of a historical series of chronic complications resulting from of DM sensitive to primary care in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) from 2010 to 2020. Secondary data available in the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS)/Ministry of Health, through the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH/SUS), were used to obtain the number of hospitalizations for DM sensitive to primary care and other information such as: sex, age group, place of residence, place of hospitalization and length of stay. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, ratios), presented in tables and graphs, using Microsoft Excel 2010 . Results: With regard to the number of hospitalizations, a small decline can be observed in the period from 2010 to 2020. However, the region with the highest proportion was the Metropolitan Region (7th Health Region) with 48.54% of cases hospitalized, the age group from 70 to 79 years old with 25.78% and the female population with a total of 15,807 cases. In relation to deaths, there was a progressive decrease over the years, in such a way, the region with the highest proportion was the Metropolitan Region (7th Health Region) with 35.26% of deaths, the age group of 80 years or more with 33.18% and the female population with a total of 1,010 deaths. Conclusion: This study made it possible to show indicators of hospitalization and mortality due to complications from DM. In which the elderly and female population indicate the highest numbers of hospitalizations and mortality. In addition, the Metropolitan Region has the highest rates. Despite this, in RN, hospitalization and mortality rates due to diabetes have shown small declines over the years. However, such findings may be related to the impacts generated from an effective and resolute PHC, which provides better quality care and assistance.