Assistência de enfermagem obstétrica ao trabalho de parto e nascimento: percepção de puérperas

Abstract

With regard to women's satisfaction, the scientific literature prioritizes a quantitative assessment of these aspects, making it difficult to collect direct and subjectives data on women's opinion about the quality of care offered during childbirth and birth. Thus, the relevance of this study is, through the perception of the puerperal women in relation to obstetric nursing care for labor and birth, to analyze the practice of obstetric nursing, more specifically in a hospital where it is considered a reference. The general objective of this research is to analyze the perception of puerperal women about the assistance to labor and birth provided by obstetric nurses. This is a descriptive study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, which uses the interview technique, through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire, applied in the months of February and March 2020. This research was approved by the ethics committee of FACISA / UFRN. The closed questions established the sociodemographic profile of the women, as well as described obstetric and neonatal characteristics, and listed used by nurses. The open question referred to the mothers' perception of obstetric nursing care during labor and birth. The socio-demographic and obstetric profile of women assisted in the institution that represents the field of this study was outlined, as well as the establishment of categories that characterized the interviewees' perception of the assistance provided. Most of the participants maintained a stable relationship, had a complete fundamental level and were primiparous. Four categories of responses were formed, entitled: nurse as a support figure, nursing enabling the humanization of childbirth, nursing favoring the physiology of childbirth, and natural childbirth without unnecessary interventions versus feeling of helplessness. The results point to a reflection on the use of interventions in institutionalized delivery, it is essential to emphasize that their routine use must have the justification of reducing negative outcomes, with no evidence to support their use. Thus, this research showed the importance of analyzing assistance through the users' voices, valuing the subjectivity of the moment that represents delivery. The importance of qualifying in more detail indicators related to interventions is emphasized, which may favor more targeted research on the assistance of the multidisciplinary team.