Perfil microbiológico de infecções do trato urinário em gestantes: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a common clinical condition during pregnancy due to physiological and hormonal changes that promote urinary stasis and bacterial colonization. This study aimed to map the microbiological profile of UTIs in pregnant women, identifying the main etiological agents and their prevalence. The methodology consisted of an integrative literature review, with searches conducted in the Scopus and Medline/PubMed databases, considering publications from the last five years. After applying the inclusion criteria, 37 studies were analyzed. The results indicated Escherichia coli as the most prevalent pathogen, followed by Streptococcus agalactiae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Geographic variations were observed in the bacterial profile and antimicrobial resistance, with a high resistance to amoxicillin reported in several regions. The discussion emphasized the importance of early detection, appropriate treatment, and epidemiological surveillance to prevent maternal and fetal complications. It is concluded that knowledge of the regional microbiological profile is essential to guide empirical treatment and contain antimicrobial resistance in pregnant women.