Análise do transtorno do estresse pós-traumático em profissionais emergencistas

Abstract

The human kind deals with stressful and potentially traumatic situations from the most remote stories of humanity. In modern life, where stressful situations are in evidence, the work field and the economy suffer losses due to the short time of service of professionals caused by mental disorders. Diseases caused by stress and trauma come into discussion as one of the causes of shortening the time of service provision among job professionals with high physical, emotional and/or high dangerousness demands, such as military firefighters, military police and health professionals working in urgent and emergency contexts. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - a disease caused by exposure to traumatic and stressful events, is characterized by the chronicity of symptoms of remembering, avoidance or autonomic hyperstimulation related to a traumatic event. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in professionals who work in emergency situations by screening the symptoms of PTSD within health professionals from the Emergency Room Clóvis Sarinho, from the Emergency Care Units located in Natal/RN, the Mobile Emergency Service, military firefighters and military police in the city of Natal/RN and the metropolitan region. An analytical, transversal, exploratory method with a quantitative approach was used, which used two instruments of data collection: the Scale of the Impact of the Event - Revised and an instrument for collecting sociodemographic information and those related to the potentially traumatic event. The research was carried out in the service facilities where each professional was inserted. It was found that the participating emergency professionals consisted mostly of men, aged 36- 45 years, with service time above 10 years, with graduate education, with spouses, who work in work schedules of 41 to 60 hours a week. It was possible to verify that 31.07% of the sample had a score compatible with a probable diagnosis of PTSD. Among the professionals working in public safety, 39.67% had scores corresponding to the probable diagnosis of PTSD, and in those working in health, 20.78%; security professionals had a 48% higher prevalence in scores compatible with the diagnosis of PTSD. In the subscales of the IES-R, participants aged 36 to 45 years, mostly firefighters and nurses, with time of work in the emergency field of about 15 years, had higher average score in the subscale of symptoms of intrusion; in the subscale of avoidance, military police and nurses, with time of activity from 15 years; and in hyperstimulation subscale, had higher average scores participants in the 36- 45 age group, and military police officers. The main potentially traumatic events experienced by professionals in the work environment were also pointed out; the main signs manifested, the main coping strategies and factors that hinder professional practice.