Uma nova sistemática para a determinação das constantes do potencial padrão de redução de sistemas redox

Abstract

The reaction processes classified as oxidation and reduction reactions, oxi-reduction, or simply REDOX, are representatives of a variety of other reactions such as combustion, corrosion, respiration, calcination, photosynthesis, food and drug metabolism, metal production from mining, etc. They are studied in the light of an evaluated parameter, commonly as an electronic transition process, between two reactants called oxidizing agent and reducing agent. The species can be a molecule or an ion, where the oxidizing agent is the chemical entity that will receive electrons, while the other will make a donation. This electronic transition will promote a change in the oxidation state of the two agents, where the electron acceptor will have its oxidation number (NOX) reduced, while the species that makes the donation will have its NOX increased. Although these chemical reactions are the only representatives of a reaction process where electronic exchanges are observed, they are of great importance, since they constitute several areas of human knowledge, as well as being ubiquitous in several chains of operation, such as lamps, radios, cell phones, batteries; in electroplating, photo printing; coatings to combat corrosion; in devices for measuring blood glucose, breathalyzer testing, enzyme systems, biosensors, bioelectronics, generating heat and electricity, etc. This work describes a new system for determining the standard reduction potential (Eº) of these chemical reagents.