Contexto de trabalho e acidentes em serviço no âmbito de uma maternidade escola

Abstract

The work context, as a material, organizational and social site in which the activities and the individual and collective mediation strategies used in the interaction with the reality of work, have a great influence on the workers. The hospital environment is a consensual space with a risk to health and safety, mainly due to contextual aspects such as the form of organization, the working conditions and the socio-professional relations that are established in it. The present study aimed to investigate accidents in service based on an analysis of the context in which the work activities of the Januário Cicco - MEJC Maternity School hospital staff, a school hospital linked to the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The descriptive research used as a methodological strategy the case study and as instruments of data collection the documentary analysis and the use of the Scale of Evaluation of the Work Context - EACT, being the data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that accidents in service involving servers under the Single Legal Regime RJU are more frequent among those employees with more professional experience (15 years or more in the institution). Regarding the distribution by professional category, position or function, technicians and nursing assistants were three times more likely to be injured than nurses, doctors and other health professionals. It was observed a higher incidence of Typical Accidents (89%), followed by Road Accidents (8%) and Work Illnesses (3%). The most frequent causes of accidents were falling and contact with possibly infected material. In general, regarding the inherent aspects of the work context, the results indicate that it can be classified as critical. When analyzed by size, the "Work Organization" factor presented the most worrisome average score, very close to the severe classification limit. All items in this dimension are classified as critical, except for the items "The work rate is accelerated" and "Tasks are repetitive", which have even worse results classified as serious. Thus, a statistically significant correlation was found between the incidence of work accidents and the way work is organized. In this sense, the main contribution of this study was to point out the importance of investing in the prevention and promotion of health and well-being, because at the moment, for a considerable sample of individuals, working in MEJC / UFRN places the servers in a critical situation, requiring short- and medium-term measures. As a proposal, it was detailed in an action plan with measures to minimize accidents and improve the working environment of the MEJC / UFRN.