Análise comparativa da estimativa da sobreirradiância em diferentes escalas temporais para cidades do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Solar energy is a renewable and abundant source of energy that can be used for a variety of purposes. With the exponential growth in the use of solar energy, one of the barriers that has arisen and is still little studied is over-irradiance events, which are phenomena that occur when the solar irradiance incident on the Earth's surface is greater than the solar irradiance incident at the top of the atmosphere. This phenomenon can influence the amount of energy available for electricity production in photovoltaic systems, as well as having an impact on the operation of other devices susceptible to sunlight. The aim of this study is to analyze the occurrence and frequency of over-radiance events in the cities of Lajes, Pau dos Ferros and Mossoró, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, at different time scales (minutes and seconds) for the period between March 2022 and February 2023. It was observed that most of the events occur in shorter time intervals, in both resolutions, and that almost all the events recorded are in the irradiance range between 1000 W/m² and 1367 W/m². Pau dos Ferros was the city that recorded the event with the highest intensity, with 1636 W/m² and also the event with the longest duration, of 386 seconds. The occurrence of events tends to increase during the fall in Pau dos Ferros and Mossoró, where there was the highest monthly rainfall in these two cities, and decrease during the summer in the cities of Lajes and Pau dos Ferros. Studying these events is fundamental to developing solutions that minimize their negative impacts on solar energy generation and other systems.