Simulação numérica de depósito de alfa-sinucleína e o aumento da oscilação beta relacionado à alteração na comunicação efática na evolução da doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Recent studies suggest that beta oscillatory activity (15-30 Hz) in different cortical regions is increased during neurodegenerations. For example, the degree of neuronal beta oscillatory activity is related to the magnitude of the response of the basal nuclei to dopaminergic agents in Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, LFP beta oscillatory activity can produce synchronous oscillatory activity in the local neuronal population, which leads to a deterioration in neuronal communications. This study investigated the relationship between altered neuronal efferent communication and increased beta oscillation due to degenerative processes using numerical simulation. To this end, a degeneration model was proposed based on the proportion of damage to both ion channels and phospholipid membrane capacitance. The model in this study was described using a cellular automaton, in which initially two types of cellular components are presented (phospholipid membrane and ion channels), which over time are degenerated by processes of deposition or inactivation, such as those observed in the case of Parkinson's disease, through the dysfunctional protein alpha-synuclein. Thus, with the progression of degeneration, ephatic communication can be mimicked via the Quadratic Integra-and-Dispara Ephatic (QIF-E) hybrid neuronal model, as in other studies found in the literature. These studies show a strong relationship between the increase in beta band oscillation and the anomalous increase in the electrical resistance of the cell membrane (impaired ion flow). Finally, with this study, it is possible to assess the rate of degeneration of channels and the neuronal membrane, and to draw a parallel with the impact of degeneration on ephatic communication in Parkinson's Disease. This finding enables a new dynamic understanding of such diseases and may have an impact on the research and development of new drugs.