Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um nanogel de óleo de canola e mirceno com potencial antioxidante para cicatrização

Abstract

Chronic wounds represent a significant clinical and socioeconomic challenge, characterized by delayed and often ineffective healing processes, frequently exacerbated by persistent inflammation, infection, and oxidative stress. The limitations of conventional therapies and the associated healthcare burden underscore the need for innovative, effective, and safe topical alternatives. In this context, natural bioactive compounds have emerged as promising candidates. Among them, canola oil—rich in tocopherols and essential fatty acids—and β-myrcene, a monoterpene with recognized antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, stand out. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a nanogel based on canola oil and β-myrcene, with potential application in the treatment of chronic wounds. Nanoemulsions were initially prepared using a high-energy method and tested at increasing concentrations of β-myrcene (1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%). They were characterized in terms of droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and pH. The formulation containing 2% β-myrcene exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and was selected for incorporation into gel systems. Among the polymers tested, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) at 1.5% showed the best performance, producing a stable and homogeneous nanogel with good consistency and no phase separation over six weeks of storage. The final system presented droplet diameters below 110 nm, a PDI under 0.300, and stable behavior over time. Antioxidant activity was assessed through the DPPH• radical scavenging assay, which demonstrated a significant free radical elimination capacity by the β-myrcene-containing nanogel—greater than that of the active ingredient in solution. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the chemical compatibility of the components, showing no new absorption bands, which reinforces the integrity of the formulation. Overall, the results suggest that the developed nanogel exhibits desirable physicochemical characteristics and promising antioxidant activity, positioning it as an innovative and potentially effective alternative for the topical treatment of chronic wounds.