Associação entre o uso de um plano de ação individualizado e o controle dos sintomas da asma em crianças e adolescentes

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is a lung disease marked by chronic inflammation of the airways and high prevalence in children and adolescents. Due to its characteristics and symptoms, when uncontrolled, asthma has a negative impact on their lives. In this sense, tools that help self-management are of great importance in the management of the disease. Objective: To evaluate the association between the use of an individualized action plan and asthma control in children and adolescents. Methods: This is an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study. The study included 56 parents or guardians of children diagnosed with asthma aged between 01 and 21 years, with no history of recent thoracic or abdominal surgery and/or associated neurological diseases. Asthma control was assessed using the Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument questionnaire ( PACCI). The socioeconomic level was evaluated using the criteria of the Brazilian Association of Companies and Research (ABEP). To investigate the association between asthma control and the use of an action plan and the level of control of asthma symptoms, the Chi-square test and the non-parametric Mann-Witney test were used. To analyze the association between socioeconomic status and the level of control of asthma symptoms, the chi-square test was used. Results: A total of 56 participants were considered eligible for the study, these were parents/guardians of children and adolescents with asthma. A significant association was observed between the level of control of asthma symptoms and the use of an action plan in the management of asthma in children and adolescents (p= 0.03; p= 0.04). Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with the level of asthma symptom control (p= 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that there is an association between the use of an individualized action plan and the clinical control of asthma in children and adolescents.