Análise da logística reversa para computadores e periféricos na UFRN: perspectivas pós-consumo

Abstract

Constant technological progress in Brazil has increasingly led to the generation and frequent disposal of electronic waste (WEEE), posing major challenges for environmental management in the country due to the inadequate disposal of these materials. It is essential to establish effective management, in accordance with the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) and Brazilian legislation, in order to mitigate the associated environmental and social impacts. In particular, the volume of waste generated in Public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) highlights the urgency of implementing sustainable management practices in line with environmental guidelines. This study analyzed the reverse logistics system, with an emphasis on computers and peripherals, in the context of post-consumption, at the Central Campus of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal/RN. The methodology included a literature review, analysis of institutional documents, field research and interviews. In addition, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out using the OpenLCA software, in order to assess the environmental impacts associated throughout the equipment's life cycle, from disposal to final destination. The aim was to evaluate the management system adopted, identifying progress and setbacks, as well as pointing out gaps and opportunities for improvement. The aim was to evaluate the management system adopted, identifying progress and setbacks, as well as pointing out gaps and opportunities for improvement. In addition, the post-disposal stages within the reverse logistics process were investigated, monitoring the forwarding of waste to specialized companies, as well as identifying the treatment and final disposal routes for the different types of components and quantifying the associated impacts. The results showed bottlenecks such as the lack of traceability of waste, bureaucratic obstacles, dependence on technological infrastructure from other states and a lack of coordination between public and private agents. The LCA made it possible to identify critical stages in terms of environmental impacts, highlighting transportation and the lack of local recovery of high value-added materials. The conclusion is that strengthening reverse logistics at UFRN requires the implementation of traceability practices, improved disposal flows and partnerships with specialized companies.