Fundamentações filosóficas da teoria freudiana: um estudo na contramão da negação de Freud à filosofia

Abstract

Since the time of Freud, numerous studies have explored Freudian theory from a philosophical standpoint. Broadly speaking, some have delved into the philosophy of psychoanalysis, while others have linked specific philosophers to certain topics or themes within Freud's work. However, there is a notable lack of scholarship that systematically examines the philosophical impact on particular works of Freud, identifying which philosophers directly or indirectly influenced these writings. Clearly, this task is not simple: Freud often distanced himself from philosophy in his later years, and there was significant "camouflaging" of philosophical influences in his texts. Despite these challenges, this study aimed to do precisely that: to uncover the philosophical foundations present in Freudian writings, with a focus on Freud's initial topological model and metapsychology, which serve as representative samples of his overall theory. Specifically, the study sought to elucidate Freud's philosophical background and highlight the philosophical principles in The Interpretation of Dreams and in Freudian metapsychology. The underlying hypothesis of this study is that philosophy is not merely present in Freud's work but was crucial to its development. The significance of this assertion lies not necessarily in its novelty but in the effort to demonstrate how philosophy underpins and reinforces the fundamental principles of Freudian theory.