Consumo de medicamentos psicotrópicos por idosos no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde: uma revisão do escopo

Abstract

Objective: To map evidence on the consumption of psychotropic drugs by the elderly in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: This is a scoping review carried out after consulting the databases, in two stages: In the first, a prior bibliographic search was carried out in the LILACS, MEDLINE and SciElo data sources. In the second, data collection was performed by two independent researchers who used the same search key in the following databases: PUBMED, Cochrane Library, CINAHL via the EBSCO platform, LILACS, BDENF via the VHL platform and Academic Search Premier. 3,434 publications were found and after applying filters, inclusion and exclusion criteria, 04 studies made up the sample. Results: Scientific evidence was gathered on the consumption of psychotropic drugs by the elderly in the context of Primary Health Care. The main characteristics of the elderly participants in the research analyzed in the review were: the predominant presence of females and young elderly people (less than 75 years old), who seek health services and self-care in obtaining a medical prescription for the consumption of potentially inappropriate medications. In addition, they had low schooling and poor quality of life (based on the WHOQOL Bref), physical inactivity, Common Mental Disorder (CMD), anxiety disorders, depression, psychosis, and use of medication to induce sleep. Situations of drug use without monitoring and/or medical prescription, the practice of polypharmacy, with emphasis on the use of anxiolytics, benzodiazepines and antidepressants, are also conditions studied in the research analyzed in this reviews. Conclusion: This study allowed the mapping of available evidence on the consumption of psychotropic drugs by the elderly in the context of Primary Health Care. Some studies sought to analyze the associations between the use of medication by the elderly and CMD, anxiety disorders, depression, insomnia, seizures and chronic non-communicable diseases, in the search for treatment alternatives and self-care, in the aspect of better quality of life and mental health versus the health-disease process. By synthesizing such information, it is expected to contribute to the dissemination of scientific knowledge on the subject and, thus, to disseminate information that can be useful for health professionals who, daily, deal with issues related to drug therapy for the elderly accompanied by Primary Care to Health.