Uma proposta de uma unidade de ensino potencialmente significativa sobre gravitação universal para o Ensino Médio

Abstract

In this dissertation we developed an educational product that was developed to be applied in high school, this could be used as an alternative to academic material on the teaching of universal gravitation to the teacher in the classroom. Aiming to facilitate the lerning of concepts on this very common theme among students, to amim this, we elaborated a Potentially Significant Teaching Unit (UEPS), consisting of a didactic sequence. (SD), on the subject of universal gravitation. The present UEPS adopts as theoretical framework David Ausubel's, adopting thus the philosophy of building a UEPS, where teaching only occurs when there is learning and it must be meaningful; teaching is means, meaningful learning is the end; teaching materials should be potentially meaningful. Therefore, there are no Significant Teaching and Learning Sequences, nor Significant Teaching Units, are always Potentially Significant, in the sense that they can facilitate the capture and (mental) internalization of externally shared meanings, Marcos A. Moreira and Neusa T. Massoni, The structure of this UEPS on universal gravitation is detailed in chapter 1 of this dissertation, with its principles and stages. S.D.- associated steps that we use and develop with our classroom experience over the years as an educator. As for S.D, it is detailed in chapter 3, consisting of 08 meetings, each meeting lasting 50 minutes, starting with an initial questionnaire; followed by a group discussion; then a theatrical play using the inverted classroom; lectures on the subject by the teacher; reading and interpretation of some texts; and at the last meeting, a re-application of the initial questionnaire, adapted with two new UEPS evaluation questions. Finally, we verified that the UESP presented positive results, improving the quality of teaching and learning, as can be observed with the results obtained and analyzed, with the data, inserted in chapter 4 of this dissertation. In chapter 5, we have our conclusion and perspectives, we also produced an educational product for the physics teacher to use in high school, if desired, in his classes on this topic of great curiosity and interest of students. In addition to producing a book on the subject and related subjects, which can be useful as a source of research and also as a means of disseminating this educational product, even the chapters related to the theme of this UEPS are in the annexes.