BRCA no diagnóstico de câncer de mama e ovário: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Breast cancer affects thousands of women around the world and constitutes a continuous challenge due to the significant increase in cases and more aggravating forms, as well as ovarian cancer, as it is something exclusive to women. A revolution in the understanding and treatment of breast and ovarian cancer occurred with the identification of Breast Cancer gene (BRCA) genes, giving rise to innovative preventive strategies. This includes more frequent tracking when necessary. The objective of this work is to investigate the role of the BRCA gene in the diagnosis of breast and ovarian cancer. In this context, an integrative review was carried out searching for articles in the PubMed, Scorpus and Embase databases in the last five years. Studies that addressed the use of BRCA in the diagnosis of breast and ovarian cancer were selected. After excluding duplicate articles, reading by title, abstract and full text followed. At the end of the selection process, 21 articles were included in the review. The results obtained in this review show that despite significant advances in understanding the action of the BRCA gene in homologous DNA repair and its association with the aforementioned cancers, substantial gaps persist in relation to its general aspects. New research in this area of knowledge is still necessary to obtain a greater understanding of the impact of the BRCA gene on the diagnosis and treatment of these forms of cancer, thus providing valuable insights for clinical practice.