Dor lombopélvica e nível de funcionalidade e deficiência em mulheres grávidas

Abstract

Introduction: During pregnancy, women undergo a series of adaptations in order to create an environment conducive to the development of the fetus. These can result in the development of painful symptoms, such as lumbopelvic pain, impacting the functionality of this population. Aim: To analyze the lumbopelvic pain and its impact on the functionality of pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that will follow the recommendations of the Stregthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) and whose unit of analysis will be the pregnant woman. The volunteers will be evaluated using the following instruments: Individual Assessment Form, Visual Analogic Scale – VAS, Oswestry Disability Index and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale – WHODAS 2.0. The statistical analysis of the data will be performed using the SPSS version 20.0 and the ChiSquare, Mann-Whitney and Logistic Regression tests were applied. The variables selected for this study will be: sociodemographic, obstetric and life habits, pain (Painful intensity and level of disability generated by low back pain – in %), and functionality (specific questionnaire score). Results: 142 pregnant women with a mean chronological age of 31.37±4.93 years were included. 69.7% (n=99) of the volunteers reported low back pain ando f these, 46.5% (n=46) reported moderate intensity. It was observed that not having disability by the WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire decreases by 81.7% the chance of having lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy compared to having mild to severe disability. While having an income of 1 to 4 income increases by 3.06 times the chance of having low back pain during pregnancy in comparison to having an 5 or more income. When comparing women with and without pain, a statistically significant difference was observed for the cognition (p=0.035) and participation (p=0.012) domains of the WHODAS 2.0, Where the group without pain presente higher scores per domain. In addition, from this thesis, a sistematic review is being developed, whose protocol is published. Conclusions: The gravidic-puerperal period is marked by adaptations that lead to reduced functionality. However, the perception of this population about disability and its impact seem to be influenced by the context in which they are inserted. The findings of this study suggest that there is an association between family income and the absence of disability with low back pain, and the domains of cognition and participation showed differences when analyzing women with and without low back pain. Thus, it is suggested that more studies be developed considering the different contexts in which pregnant women are inserted. The understanding of the functionality of this population may help in the better management and professional assistance.