Feminismo materialista francófono e perspectiva lésbica: contribuições para uma crítica à ideologia conservadora no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze how Francophone Materialist Feminism (FMF) and its lesbian perspective, radical lesbianism, can contribute to a critique of conservative thinking in Brazil. Particularly in the last decade in Brazil, we have seen the reorganization of conservative and religious fundamentalist groups in favour of advancing the historical processes of patriarchal domination, exploitation and oppression, reflected in the naturalization of women's subordination and the strengthening of the political regime of heterosexuality. However, these processes had already been identified and confronted by the feminist and lesbian political agenda in France since the 1970s, when the FMF was developed around the analyses of Christine Delphy, Colette Guillaumin, Nicole Claude-Mathieu, Monique Wittig, among others. Responsible for formulating a radical materialist critique of patriarchy and heterosexuality, these authors remain fundamental for analyzing the impacts of the domination of women by men in multiple historical contexts. In this way, this paper (I) studies how conservatism contributes to the naturalization of the domination of women in Brazil over the last decade; (II) reviews the work of the FMF, with emphasis on the analysis of the theoretical foundations around the appropriation of women and anti-naturalism; and (III) analyses the particularities of the lesbian perspective, which contributes to feminism by criticizing compulsory heterosexuality. Methodologically, we used a qualitative analysis, with a bibliographical and documentary approach, of materialist and lesbian feminists in France, as well as authors who work on the conservative phenomenon in Brazil. In addition, we used the materialist feminist perspective in dialogue with the critical-dialectical method of the Marxist tradition, which allowed us to make important mediations in view of the particularities of the contexts analyzed, and to conclude that this is a fundamental perspective for confronting the advance of conservatism and the domination of women in contemporary Brazil.