O desemprego em jovens recém graduados: uma leitura fenomenológica hermenêutica heideggeriana

Abstract

The number of young people in unemployment has grown considerably over the past few years, becaming bigger than the number of unemployed adults. This study emerged from the need to broaden the reflection about the unemployment and the senses that are revealed in this experience in young graduates, highlighting the speech of the participants of the research. The point to started this research was to question the meaning of being outside of a place that represents "stability", the work, moment that usually generates anguish, fear and insecurity. The objective of this research was to understand the experience of young graduates who were experiencing unemployment under the Heideggerian phenomenological-hermeneutic perspective. This approach allows prioritizing the understanding of human existence through the senses that the being attributes to its experience and reveals them through language. Four interviews were conducted with young people between the ages of 23 and 29 years. The analysis of the narratives was carried out from the hermeneutical method, in the light of the ideas of the philosopher Martin Heidegger and scholars of his philosophy. The results revealed that the desire of young people to carry out their activities permeates their worldviews, making their lives a consequence of the ways that university provided them. The senses associated with the exercise of a work occupation exclude the possibility of not exercising the activity, revealing the feelings of uselessness, anxiety and idle. Reflections on the labor market, the capitalist mode of production and sociological aspects of the context of higher education and the world of work were also revealed, reflecting the characteristics of the "Age of Technique". The insertion of the phenomenological perspective in the discussions on unemployment and work has broadened the understanding about being young in the contemporary world, since this reality presents demands and opens space for new investigations and interventions.