Efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade e destreinamento na saúde mental de mulheres com Síndrome dos ovários policísticos: ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Introduction: Differents training protocols with exercises training have been performed with women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), in different contexts and applicability, showing positive results on the clinical and metabolic alterations of PCOS. There are some gaps about psychological responses and quality of life after high intensity interval training (HIIT). Objective: To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and detraining on the quality of life and mental health of women with PCOS, and to describe the psychophysiological responses (ie, subjective perception of effort and affective response) throughout the sessions. Methods: This study was conducted in two stages: a crosssectional descriptive study, in which 12 women with PCOS participated (mean age 26.2 ± 4.1); and a randomized clinical trial, with 23 women with PCOS (mean age 26.0 ± 3.92) who were allocated to a control group (n = 11) and a supervised HIIT group (n = 12). Anamnesis, physical activity level questionnaires (IPAQ), health-related quality of life (SF-36), depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21), Borg's rating of perceived exertion scale (RPE) were applied (CR-10), affective valence scale and body composition was assessed using DXA and anthropometry. The interventions consisted of 10 sessions of 50-min HIIT running [intervals of 10 x 1 min at 90% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) interspersed with 3 min of active recovery periods at 70% of HRmax], including 5 minutes of warm-up and cool down at 48 hour intervals (first step). In the second stage, the HIIT intervention lasted 12 weeks and 4 weeks of detraining (30 days). Results: It was possible to observe that physically inactive women, overweight and with irregular menstrual cycles (amenorrhea) had lower affective responses in the middle and at the end of the sessions compared to the beginning; there was an increase in RPE and a decrease in the affective response during the HIIT sessions; and the participants' heart rate and RPE responses showed a small and medium variation over ten sessions, respectively. In addition, after 12 weeks of intervention, the HIIT group showed improvements in the domains of functional capacity, physical aspects, general health, anxiety and depression. On the other hand, after 4 weeks (30 days) of detraining, we observed that the improvements in the quality of life domains were not maintained after the detraining period, on the other hand, the mental health domains showed stability. Conclusion: physically inactive women with PCOS have a positive affective valence at the beginning of the HIIT sessions, however, throughout the session, the affective valence decreases to neutral. In addition, the HIIT program promoted an improvement in the quality of life and mental health in women with PCOS; additionally, it was observed that after 4 weeks of detraining there was a reduction in quality of life, however, the mental health domains showed stability in the HIIT group, different from the control group.