Marcadores do consumo alimentar das gestantes atendidas nas unidades básicas de saúde de Santa Cruz - RN

Abstract

During pregnancy, additional care is essential for the proper development of the embryo. A healthy diet is crucial as it meets the body's needs, combats potential nutritional deficiencies, and reduces the risks of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to analyze the dietary intake of pregnant women attending Basic Health Units in Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire assessing socioeconomic characteristics, current pregnancy status, and dietary intake markers. The study included 100 participants aged 19 to 45. Most participants (48%) were in their third trimester, 46% had completed high school, and 70% had an income of up to one minimum wage. Regarding comorbidities, 13% reported gestational pathologies, including gestational diabetes (4%) and hypertensive syndromes (4%). Additionally, 91% of the women reported using folic acid during pregnancy. Nutritional status findings revealed that 56% of the participants were overweight before pregnancy, and 60% experienced excessive weight gain during pregnancy. The dietary analysis indicated high consumption of healthy foods, such as beans (83%), fruits (67%), and vegetables (68%). However, there was also considerable intake of ultra-processed foods, including sweets (49%) and sugary drinks (54%). The study highlights the need for nutritional interventions to promote healthier eating habits among pregnant women, aiming to prevent gestational complications and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.