Cercas no chão e a territorialização da diversidade sexual e de gênero no espaço agrário cearense: um latifúndio em ocupação

Abstract

The weight of cisheteropatriarchy in the historical and cultural relations of Brazilian social formation imposes limits on sexual and gender diversity in the agrarian space. This regime of domination structures processes of control over bodies and sexualities in peasant territories, instituting processes of invisibility and enclosure of sexual orientations and gender identities that deviate from the cisheteropatriarchal pattern, hindering the sexual experience and freedom of LGBTI+ people, but, for the most part, to this work, especially in relation to gay men. In this sense, this research intends to examine the repercussions of the work of the Rede de Arte e Cultura na Reforma Agraria Ceará (PACRA) with these people, especially around the recognition and affirmation of dissident sexual orientations and gender identities, considering the strong structuring of the cisheteropatriarchy in the socio-territorial formation of agrarian reform settlements in Ceará. In addition, we seek to understand the weight of social institutions such as family and religion in hindering the sexual orientations and gender identities of gay men in the agrarian space, as well as locating the limits and possibilities of experiencing sexual orientation and gender identity for these subjects in front of these spaces. It also seeks to understand the possibilities of acceptance, affirmation, appreciation and protagonism provided by the PACRA Network through its art and culture processes and, finally, to identify how the subjects participating in the PACRA Network appropriate issues surrounding sexual and of gender and how this appropriation affects reflections and their daily experience. The work is based on an analytical perspective that privileges the understanding of reality as a complex totality saturated with multiple determinations, and it is from this perspective that it seeks to understand the dynamics of the movement and development of the object. It thus brings a conception of method that understands the concrete as the synthesis of different elements of the real, and, therefore, unity of the diverse. The research is anchored in a qualitative approach and was developed through the techniques of bibliographical and documentary research and the collection of empirical data through semi-structured interviews in an online format, as well as carrying out autoethnography by the researcher himself linked to this research process in the relationship researcher-subject-object. The subjects of the investigation were LGBTI+ and nonLGBTI+ people linked to agrarian reform settlements in the State of Ceará with insertion and participation in the PACRA Network. We identified as the main results of the research regarding the proposed objectives: a) the enclosure of sexual and gender diversity in the peasant territory from family, religious and community levels; b) Catholicism as the predominant religion in regulating sexual life and moralizing sexual and gender diversity in peasant territory; c) the formation of an ideology of homoerotic culture around the peasant-body in relation to the settlement-body, territory-body and homosexual-body linked to the cisheteropatriarchal structure; d) the invisibility, the unspeakable, the cursed and the unconfessable surrounding the affective and sexual practices of gay men in the relationship between public and private space; e) the demarcation of the ideology of peasant homoerotic culture in the relationship of sexual practices and experiences around the social and cultural construction around the roles, functions and meanings linked to sexual organs; f) gay loneliness and michetagem; g) art and culture processes as triggers of the process of affirmation, valorization and recognition of LGBTI+ people and h) disputes and tensions around the construction of a critical sentient art within the framework of living peasant community culture.