Aspectos gerais do uso da ayahuasca no sistema nervoso central e implicações terapêuticas

Abstract

Ayahuasca, is a generic term used of Quechua origin, is a drink with psychoactive properties, being the main result of the decoction between the bark of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine and the leaves of Psychotria viridis. This terminology has indigenous origins, especially commonly used by peoples in the Amazon Basin, located in South America. The use of Ayahuasca has been widely studied around the world, especially from the molecular point of view and its main psychedelic effects on the Central Nervous System. It is true that the clinical applications of psychedelic and neurobehavioral therapies have grown substantially in parallel with the use of antidepressants, mainly because it is an alternative route in the fight against mood disorders, anxiety, depression and chemical substances. The countless potentialities of the practical and therapeutic applications of the use of psychedelics turned on a light and allowed the expansion of studies by several researchers, leading to a future where antidepressants can be replaced by other less invasive treatment methods that do not generate dependence or discomfort. because of the residual effects of the drugs. The use of DMT as chronic and intermittent exposure in hallucinogenic subdoses has shown to be a promising path, as recent research has shown in rodents. Psychedelics have been described as psychoplastogenic potential, as they are capable of inducing neural plasticity, as well as the formation of new dendritic trees in the Prefrontal Cortex. In short, a review considered as possible alternatives for the administration of ayahuasca in the study of Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders, as well as the numerous potentialities that ayahuasca presents for the reduction of anxiety and depression, whether in an animal experimental model (rodents) , non-human primates and humans.