Atenção Básica à Saúde do SUS, cuidado e emoções na experiência social da hipertensão arterial entre mulheres no Cônego Monte, em Santa Cruz, RN

Abstract

The objective of this research is to present an understanding of the social experience of arterial hypertension, considering the perspective of users and professionals in Basic Health Care of the Unified Health System from the Cônego Monte neighborhood in city of Santa Cruz, RN. The research was developed, therefore, as an ethnography carried out at the UBS in that neighborhood and used interviews with 4 women and participant observation of medical consultations in the context of the Hiperdia Program. Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is characterized by high blood pressure levels (with a value equal to or exceeding 140/90 mmHg). As a result, the heart tends to exert greater effort to pump blood throughout our body. However, it is also necessary to understand the social, cultural, and political dimension of any illness. Entering the reality of this chronic illness, describing and analyzing the therapeutic itinerary through a narrative of the illness becomes essential to describe and analyze individual and sociocultural health experiences, in addition, it makes it possible to understand the social experience that the illness adds to the individual's life. Furthermore, gender in the context of health provides an analysis of the health and disease process, and thus enhances treatment as it sees the individual as a whole and not just the disease they present. Through what was said in each of the 4 interviews and ethnographic observation, it was possible to analyze that high blood pressure is felt in a unique way and that the forms of adaptation will be chosen according to the lived reality of each illness. Furthermore, pressure is understood by people who live with it as the result of emotions that are socially provoked in them. It is necessary to emphasize that public care in some way really needs to serve this user, seeking to understand how the disease interacts in their daily lives. Thus, the medical professional needs to see this patient as a whole and not just the disease as a biological agent, because if this persists, health services will always have this fragility in their care.