Influências da via de parto no risco de quedas em puérperas atendidas em um hospital maternidade: estudo longitudinal e comparativo

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between fall risk factors and the mode of delivery among laboring and postpartum women attended at a maternity hospital. Methodology: This is a descriptive-exploratory, longitudinal study with a quantitative approach, involving primary and secondary data collection. The study was conducted at a Maternity Hospital located in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The research sample comprised 150 postpartum women. The Morse Fall Scale was applied, and data were extracted from medical records to characterize sociodemographic and clinical profiles. Data collection took place from June to August 2024, using Google Forms combined with an Excel spreadsheet. For data analysis, the SPSS software was used, applying the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Pearson’s Chi-Square test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results The majority of the studied sample had completed high school. Regarding age, 59.2% of women in the vaginal delivery group and 70.9% in the cesarean delivery group were classified as being at habitual risk. Without a sexual partner, 71.8% in the vaginal group and 70.9% in the cesarean group. Regarding race, 78.9% of the vaginal delivery group and 77.2% of the cesarean delivery group identified as non-white. At admission, most women were classified as having a low fall risk, but during the postpartum period, cases of moderate and high fall risk increased in the cesarean group. There was a significant prevalence of falls among cesarean postpartum women, with a statistical association with intravenous (IV) therapy. Final Considerations: Differences were observed in fall risk according to the mode of delivery, with cesarean delivery being associated with a higher risk. IV therapy was identified as a determining factor for this risk, emphasizing the need for monitoring and the implementation of safety protocols to reduce adverse events during the hospitalization period.