Análise do perfil de consumo dos ésteres destilados do biodiesel de coco como aditivos ao diesel em um motor de combustão interna

Abstract

In view of the scarcity of fossil fuels, environmental pollution and the growing demand for energy, fuels made throught of biomass have been of great interest to scientists in the world in search of renewable energy sources, such as biodiesel that can be obtained from vegetable oils, such as coconut oil that has great potential. Thus, the present study aims to analyze the consumption profile and the characterization of coconut oil distilled esters (light and heavy fraction) as additives to diesel. All tests were carried out with commercial diesel (DC) as the base fuel, with the addition of 5%, 10% and 15% (v/v) of light fractions (BFL5, BFL10 and BFL15), heavy (BFP5, BFP10 and BFP15) and also from biodiesel itself (BC5, BC10 and BC15). The characterization tests (density, calorific value and corrosion) were performed according to the corresponding ASTM methods, and the results found for the studied formulations indicated that all samples met the standards established for commercialization in accordance with ANP Resolution N° 50. The engine consumption test was evaluated by the hourly and specific consumption tests (engine performance), which were carried out in a Branco brand diesel engine (BD 7.0), varying the power from 0W to 1200W, keeping the rotation constant. at 3600 rpm, in order to obtain the consumption curves. The results of the curves found for hourly consumption indicated that for all potency values, the esters were able to provide a lower consumption compared to commercial diesel, with the best scenario being presented by the BFP15 formulation and then by the BFP5. The curves found for the analysis of the engine performance indicated an improvement in its efficiency with the additive formulations in relation to commercial diesel, with the best scenario being the reduction of 18.13% in the load condition of 300W and of 7.29 % at 1200W load condition, found for the BFP15 formulation compared to DC. The second significant scenario was with a reduction of 13.68% for the 300 W load condition and 6.19% for the 1200 W load condition, for the BFP5 formulation compared to DC. Thus, it can be concluded that the additives were able to promote combustion with good engine efficiency.