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Coexpression of p53 protein and MDR functional phenotype in leukemias: the predominant association in chronic myeloid leukemia
(Wiley, 2004) Cavalcanti Junior, Geraldo Barroso; Vasconcelos, Flavia da Cunha; Faria, Giselle Pinto de; Scheiner, Marcos Antônio Maurício; Dobbin, Jane de Almeida; Klumb, Claudete Esteves; Maia, Raquel C.; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9227-4145
Background: One of the best characterized resistance mechanisms of leukemias is multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and multidrug-resistant related protein (MRP). In addition to Pgp and MRP, p53 mutation or inactivation might play a relevant role in therapeutic failure. Some studies have demonstrated that Pgp and MRP may be activated in association with overexpression of mutant or inactivated p53 protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between p53 expression and MDR functional phenotype analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Methods: Rhodamine-123 assay analyzed by FCM was used to detect the MDR phenotype that was positive in 18 out of 41 (43.9%) cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 16 out of 28 (57.1%) chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) cases, 11 out of 28 (39.3%) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases, and four out of 22 (18.2%) acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) cases. Results: Variable levels of p53 expression were observed in leukemic cells: 12 out of 41 (29.2%) in CML, nine out of 28 (32.1%) in CLL, 15 out of 28 (53.6%) in AML, and eight out of 22 (36.4%) in ALL samples. Conclusions: In our study, no significant association between p53 expression and MDR functional phenotype was observed in ALL, CLL, and AML. On the other hand, a significant association (P 0.0003) of the coexpression was observed in CML. The p53 overexpression was more frequently seen in the accelerated phase and the blastic phase of this disease. Our results suggest that an MDR functional phenotype could be associated with p53 mutation in the advanced stage of leukemias.
Chromosome 17 abnormalities and mutation of the TP53 gene: Correlation between cytogenetics, flow cytometry and molecular analysis in three cases of chronic myeloid leukemia
(Sociedade Brasileira de Genética, 2005) Otero, Luize; Cavalcanti Júnior, Geraldo Barroso; Klumb, Claudete Esteves; Scheiner, Marcos Antonio Mauricio; Magluta, Eliane Pereira Simões; Fernandez, Teresa de Souza; Silva, Maria Luiza Macedo; Pires, Virgínia; Andrade, Gabriela Vasconcelos; Maia, Raquel Ciuvalschi; Tabak, Daniel
Alterations involving the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p) during the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have been described. This chromosomal region contains the tumor suppressor gene TP53 that may be an important factor in the evolution of this disease. In this study, we used flow cytometry and western blotting to assess p53 protein expression and single stranded conformational polymorphism to examine TP53 gene alterations in three patients with CML who showed alterations in 17p. Only the case with del(17)(p11) had p53 expression positive by flow cytometry and an abnormal migration pattern by SSCP analysis. The importance of the correlation between the results obtained with these techniques, as well as the clinical course of the patients, are discussed.
Caracterização e correlação do fenômeno pró-zona com títulos de sororeatividade do VDRL e reação de imunofluorescência indireta em soros de pacientes com sífilis
(Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas, 2006) Azevedo, Luciana Karla Araújo de; Fernandes, Paulo Sergio Gomes; Silva, Dany Geraldo Kramer Cavalcant e; Batista Neto, Manoel Josué; Queiroz, Maria Gorete Lins de; Dantas, Valéria Cristina Ribeiro; Sales, Valéria Soraya de Farias; Cavalcanti Júnior, Geraldo Barroso
Introdução: Treponema pallidun é o agente etiológico da sífilis uma doença sexualmente transmissível. No imunodiagnóstico dessa doença utilizam-se dois diferentes tipos de testes sorológicos. Inicialmente, as amostras são triadas qualitativamente e quantitativamente por um teste não treponêmico como o veneral disease research laboratory (VDRL) e, em seguida, os soros reagentes são testados para a detecção de anticorpos específicos para o Treponema pallidum, como a reação de imunofluorescência indireta através do fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption assay (FTA-ABS). Objetivos e Metodologia: Avaliar através do VDRL quantitativo e qualitativo a sororeatividade de 40 pacientes com sífilis e comparar com a presença do fenômeno pro-zona e resultados obtidos pelo FTA-ABS. Resultados e Discussão: Os níveis de reatividade das amostras testadas pelo VDRL variaram de 1:2 a 1:256. O fenômeno pró-zona foi observado em 8/40 soros (20%) se correlacionando com altos títulos de reatividade na maioria dos casos. O FTAABS foi reagente em 39/40 amostras (97,5%) apresentando forte e moderada reatividade independente dos títulos obtidos pelo VDRL e a presença ou ausência do fenômeno pró-zona na maioria dos casos, demonstrando uma maior sensibilidade desse exame quando comparado com o VDRL. Conclusão: Nossos resultados mostraram a importância da realização do VDRL quantitativo e qualitativo na investigação seguida pelo FTA-ABS na investigação sorológica da sífilis.
Rats offspring exposed to Ipomoea carnea and handling during gestation: neurochemical evaluation
(Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2007-05) Schwarz, Aline; Hosom, Rosana Zoriki; Flório, Jorge Camilo; Bernard, Maria Martha; Górniak, Silvana Lima; Spinosa, Helenice Souza
Estudo anterior realizado em filhotes de ratas tratadas diariamente por gavage com 0,0, 0,7, 3,0 e 15,0 mg/kg de uma solução aquosa obtida de folhas frescas da Ipomoea carnea, do dia 5 ao dia 21 da gestação, mostrou poucas alterações comportamentais na prole em vida adulta. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade e níveis das monoaminas cerebrais nas proles masculina e feminina expostas ao mesmo tratamento acima descrito. As maiores alterações encontradas, entretanto, foram entre os grupos 0,0 mg/kg e controle negativo (no gavage), impedindo a atribuição das alterações encontradas à solução aquosa. O dados resultantes do grupo controle sugerem que o estresse provocado pela gavage e pelo manuseio das fêmeas enquanto prenhes é suficiente para produzir um importante declínio nos níveis do ácido 3,4 dihidroxifenilacético (DOPAC) e um não menos importante aumento nos níveis do ácido vanilmandélico (VMA), promovendo maior atividade do sistema noradrenérgico (NE).
Análise das mutações C282Y e H63D no gene da proteína HFE em pacientes com hiperferritinemia
(Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, 2008-02) Leão, Gioconda D. R.
A hemocromatose hereditária (HH) é uma doença autossômica recessiva caracterizada pela sobrecarga de ferro em alguns tecidos, como coração, fígado, pâncreas, hipófise e articulações, estando as mutações C282Y e H63D do gene da proteína HFE diretamente relacionadas na etiologia dessa doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar a freqüência das mutações genéticas H63D e C282Y em um grupo de pacientes com histórico de hiperferritinemia persistente, na cidade de Natal/RN, Brasil. Foram investigados 183 pacientes de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária compreendida entre 15 a 70 anos, nos quais foram investigadas as presenças das mutações C282Y e H63D. Adicionalmente também foram obtidos dados clínicos e informações sobre etilismo e dieta com sobrecarga de ferro desses pacientes. Para realização do estudo genético, inicialmente foram obtidas amostras de DNA genômico a partir de sangue periférico, as quais foram posteriormente submetidas a uma amplificação dos genes C282Y e H63D por meio da reação em cadeia de polimerase utilizado primers específicos. Em seguida, os produtos de amplificação foram submetidos à digestão com as enzimas de restrição Bcl1 e Snab1, possibilitando a detecção das mutações H63D e C282Y respectivamente. Paralelamente também foi investigado um grupo de 60 pessoas sadias, de ambos os sexos, sem hiperferritinemia, visando avaliação da freqüência das mutações H63D e C282Y em nossa região. Dos pacientes investigados, 94 (51,4%) apresentaram ausência de mutação, e 48,6% algum tipo de mutação: 9 casos (5,0%) C282Y heterozigoto mutado, 2 (1,1%) C282Y homozigoto mutado; 56 (31%) H63D heterozigoto mutado, 16 (8,7%) H63D homozigoto mutado e 6 (3,3%) duplo heterozigoto mutado (H63D/C282Y). Embora não tenha sido observada diferença significativa entre os sexos com relação à presença ou não das mutações estudadas tanto no grupo controle como nos pacientes, foi constatada maior concentração de ferritina sérica no sexo masculino. Devido à alta prevalência da HH em nossa região, o diagnóstico molecular precoce da HH torna-se indicado, principalmente em portadores de hiperferritinemia, em virtude da eficácia e baixo custo do tratamento, evitando com isso o surgimento das manifestações clínicas, aumentando também a qualidade e a expectativa de vida desses pacientes.
Avaliação de efeitos toxicológicos e comportamentais da Hypericum perforatum e da Piper methysticum em ratos
(Revista Brasileira de Toxicologia, 2009-12) Teixeira, Lilian Tatiana de Araújo; Silveira Júnior, Lenilton Silva da; Queiroz, Fernando Marlisson de; Oliveira, Claudia Nunes de; Schwarz, Aline
As ervas Hypericum perforatum e Piper methysticum são frequentemente empregadas no tratamento de depressões leves a moderadas. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar efeitos tóxicos e alterações comportamentais desses fitoterápicos em ratos. Foram utilizados 17 ratos machos Wistar adultos, separados em três grupos: controle (n=5) e experimentais (n=6/grupo). Os animais experimentais receberam, por gavagem, soluções aquosas de H. perforatum (15 por cento m/v) contendo 2 mg/kg de hipericina, ou de P. methysticum (7,5 por cento m/v) contendo 85,7 mg/kg de kavapironas, diariamente durante 30 dias. Um dia após término do tratamento, os animais tiveram o comportamento avaliado no campo-aberto, no labirinto em cruz elevado e pelo emprego do teste da natação forçada. Em seguida, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia para a coleta de amostras de sangue e tecidos para estudos bioquímicos e histopatológicos. A análise estatística dos dados indicou que as soluções aquosas empregadas não foram capazes de promover alterações comportamentais nem toxicidade, por não terem sido observadas alterações nos parâmetros ganho de peso, ingestão hídrica, consumo de ração, níveis séricos de ALT, AST, uréia e creatinina, e no estudo histopatológico. Portanto, o presente trabalho sugere que os fitoterápicos, nas dosagens e tempo de administração, empregados não foram capazes de causar toxicidade e alterações comportamentais em ratos.
Avaliação da poluição sonora no centro comercial de Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte
(Engenharia Ambiental: Pesquisa e Tecnologia, 2010) Cavalcante, Ananília R. S.; Araújo, Camila M. M. de; Silva, Cláudio R. A. da; Morais, Hugo G. A. de; Melo, Leana da Silva; Passos, João Octávio S.; Guedes, Dimitri T.; Lima, Jucimar F. V.; Calvalcanti Júnior, Geraldo B.; Silva, Marizaldo L.; Silva, Dany G. K. Cavalcanti e
As cidades modernas se caracterizam, em sua maioria, pela concentração excessiva de comércio e serviço nas áreas centrais, fato que contribui para diversos problemas, entre eles a poluição acústica, que acarretando em inconvenientes e problemas de saúde à população. O presente estudo objetivou analisar a poluição sonora no centro comercial da cidade de Santa Cruz / RN. Foram analisados 15 pontos nas principais ruas da cidade, no período verpertino e matutino, por duas semanas, com o analisador de ambiente Multi-Funções Modelo THDL – 400, com intevalos de 40 minutos entre as medições. Observou-se que a maioria dos pontos apresentavam níveis de ruídos acima dos 70 decíbeis no período analisado. Portanto, acima dos 65dB, propostos nas legislações, sendo necessário intensificação dos processos de fiscalização e educação ambiental.
Estudo preliminar in vitro da atividade antiacetilcolinesterásica de extratos etanólicos de plantas: possíveis alternativas no tratamento da doença de alzheimer
(2011) Queiroz, Fernando Márlisson de; Nascimento, Maria Aparecida do; Schwarz, Aline
A inibição da acetilcolinesterase (AChE), a enzima que inativa a acetilcolina, é atualmente a principal estratégia terapêutica sintomática da Doença de Alzheimer. Vários constituintes de plantas demonstraram ser inibidores da AChE. Extratos brutos etanólicos moles de Solanum tuberosum, Heteropterys aphrodisiaca, Croton urucurana, Chenopodium ambrosioides e Cereus Jamacaru, foram submetidos à investigação da atividade de inibição da AChE eritrocitária. Todos os extratos, exceto o de raíz de H. aphrodisiaca, demonstraram inibir a AChE em concentrações entre 0,625mg/ml e 0,5mg/ml, sendo mais relevante a atividade inibitória dos extratos de raíz de S. tuberosum, empregado nesse estudo como controle positivo, e do caule de C. urucurana, uma das espécies de plantas investigadas nesse estudo. Entretanto devem ser feitos estudos in vivo para certificar essa atividade, inclusive se ocorre na AChE cerebral.
Antioxidant activity and protective effect of Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative damage in rats
(Elsevier, 2012-12) Brito, Naira J.N.; López, Jorge A.; Nascimento, Maria Aparecida do; Macêdo, José B.M.; Silva, Gabriel Araujo; Oliveira, Cláudia N.; Rezende, Adriana Augusto de; Brandão-Neto, José; Schwarz, Aline; Almeida, Maria das Graças
The present study aimed to determine whether the leaves of Turnera ulmifolia Linn. var. elegans extract exert significant antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of its hydroethanolic extract (HEETU) was evaluated by assessing (a) its radical scavenging ability in vitro, and (b) its in vivo effect on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities. The in vitro antioxidant assay (DPPH) clearly supported HEETU free radical scavenging potential. Moreover, glutathione content and antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were significantly enhanced in CCl4- treated rats due to oral HEETU-treatment (500 mg/kg b.w.) over 7 and 21 days. In addition, an improvement was observed in lipid peroxidation and serum biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), indicating a protective effect against CCl4-induced liver injuries, confirmed by histopathological studies. The HEETU effect was comparable to the standard drug Legalon (50 mg/kg b.w.) under the same experimental condition. Quantitative analysis of the HPLC extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, wich mediate the effects of antioxidant and oxidative stress. In conclusion, extract components exhibit antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities in vitro and in vivo.
Aplicabilidade do Lean Healthcare no serviço de emergência médica
(Research, Society and Development, 2013) Silva, José Adailton da; Oliveira, Jefferson Ribeiro de; Cavalcanti Junior, Geraldo Barroso; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6037-7649
ntrodução: As mudanças constantes no mercado e nas organizações exigiram que as empresas se adaptassem para suprir as necessidades dos consumidores. Dentro desse processo, o Lean surge como alternativa de ferramenta de gestão, trazendoem seus princípios a redução de desperdícios, custos e riscos, além de proporcionar uma melhoria na qualidade da prestação de serviço. Objetivo:Sintetizar as evidênciasda aplicabilidade do método Lean Healthcareno setor de emergência médica. Métodos:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura de natureza aplicada sobre o método Lean Healthcareno setor da saúde. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos bancos de dados nos meses de janeiro de 2021 a abril de 2022 através de um formulário estruturado com especificações de acordo com seu título, autores e ano, abordagem metodológica e contribuição do estudo. Resultados:constatou-se mediante a pesquisa que a aplicação exitosa do método Lean Healthcareno setor emergência é um grande fator contribuinte nagestão, sanando deficiências encaradas neste cenário e fornecendo estratégias visando melhorar a eficiência da prestação de serviço aos pacientes. Os autores pesquisados são unânimes ao relatarem que o método permite que o atendimento flua de forma satisfatória, porém existe a necessidade de que todos os setores do hospital o adotem. Conclusão: Os estudos mostraram que, embora a aplicabilidade do Lean Healthcare seja indiscutível, existe a necessidade de novas pesquisas voltadas para a análise real da sua eficácia nos departamentos de emergência médica para que seus efeitos possam ser minuciosamente desenhados na literatura
Measuring eosinophiluria, urinary eosinophil cationic protein and urinary interleukin-5 in patients with Lupus Nephritis
(Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, 2014) Almeida, Jose Bruno de; Brito, Tereza Neuma Souza; Vilar, Maria José; Faria, Ana Luiza Souza Brito; Medeiros, Sarah Dantas Viana; Medeiros, Maria Carmo Cardoso; Silva, Edna Marques Araújo; Silva, Vanessa Marques Araújo; Souza, Luanda Bárbara Ferreira Canário; Arruda, Luisa Karla P; Costa, Tatiana Xavier; Cavalcanti Junior, Geraldo Barroso; Oliveira, Antonio Gouveia; Sales, Valéria Soraya Farias
Background: Urine is increasingly becoming an attractive biological fluid in clinical practice due to being an easily obtained, non-invasive sampling method, containing proteins and peptides. The aim of this study was to investigate eosinophiluria, urinary eosinophil cationic protein (uECP) and urinary IL-5 (uIL-5) in patients with Lupus Nephritis. Methods: Seventy-four patients with SLE—20 with clinical and laboratory evidence of lupus nephritis (LN group) and 54 without evidence of renal involvement (non-LN group)—were analyzed regarding eosinophiluria, uECP and uIL-5. Eosinophiluria was observed by Hansel's stain, ECP by fluoroenzymeimmunoassay and uIL-5 by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Both uECP and urinary IL-5 (uIL-5) were corrected by urinary creatinine. Eosinophiluria and uECP were compared with glomerular erythrocyturia, protein/creatinine ratio (Pr/Cr ratio), serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), serum levels of complement (C3 and C4), uIL-5/Cr ratio, and SLE disease activity index. Results: Patients of the LN group had higher eosinophiluria, uECP, uECP/Cr ratio levels, and uIL-5 than patients of the non-LN group (p<0.001 for all). These variables showed a statistically significant correlation with glomerular erythrocyturia, casts, Pr/Cr ratio, serum creatinine, eGFR, anti-dsDNA, uIL-5/Cr, and SLE disease activity index (all p<0.05). Conclusion: These results provide evidence of increased urinary eosinophils, ECP and IL-5 in patients with SLE and LN; uECP/Cr ratio showed better correlation with markers of renal function and SLE disease activity
Aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) inhibits enzymatic and biological actions of Bothrops jararaca snake venom
(Public Library of Science, 2014-08-15) Félix-Silva, Juliana; Souza, Thiago; Menezes, Yamara A. S.; Cabral, Bárbara; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Silva-Junior, Arnóbio Antonio da; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Rebecchi, Ivanise Marina Moretti; Langassner, Silvana Maria Zucolotto; Fernandes-Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas
Snakebites are a serious public health problem due their high morbi-mortality. The main available specific treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, which has some disadvantages, such as poor neutralization of local effects, risk of immunological reactions, high cost and difficult access in some regions. In this context, the search for alternative therapies is relevant. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiophidic properties of Jatropha gossypiifolia, a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat snakebites. The aqueous leaf extract of the plant was prepared by decoction and phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of sugars, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and/or steroids and proteins. The extract was able to inhibit enzymatic and biologic activities induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom in vitro and in vivo. The blood incoagulability was efficiently inhibited by the extract by oral route. The hemorrhagic and edematogenic local effects were also inhibited, the former by up to 56% and the latter by 100%, in animals treated with extract by oral and intraperitoneal routes, respectively. The inhibition of myotoxic action of B. jararaca reached almost 100%. According to enzymatic tests performed, it is possible to suggest that the antiophidic activity may be due an inhibitory action upon snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) and/or serine proteinases (SVSPs), including fibrinogenolytic enzymes, clotting factors activators and thrombin like enzymes (SVTLEs), as well upon catalytically inactive phospholipases A2 (Lys49 PLA2). Antiinflammatory activity, at least partially, could also be related to the inhibition of local effects. Additionally, protein precipitating and antioxidant activities may also be important features contributing to the activity presented. In conclusion, the results demonstrate the potential antiophidic activity of J. gossypiifolia extract, including its significant action upon local effects, suggesting that it may be used as a new source of bioactive molecules against bothropic venom
In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves aiming therapeutical applications
(BMC, 2014-10-20) Félix-Silva, Juliana; Souza, Thiago; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Cabral, Bárbara; Silva-Júnior, Arnóbio Antônio da; Rebecchi, Ivanise Marina Moretti; Zucolotto, Silvana Maria; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Fernandes-Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas
Background: Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant largely used in folk medicine. Teas from the leaves are popularly used as an antithrombotic agent and the branches are frequently employed as a “thick blood” agent. Considering that the anticoagulant activity associated with antioxidant properties could be beneficial for various cardiovascular diseases, this study’s aim is the evaluation of anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of J. gossypiifolia leaves, seeking new therapeutic purposes for this plant. Methods: The aqueous leaf crude extract (CE) was prepared by decoction and was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition with solvents of increasing polarity. The phytochemical analysis was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and by the spectrophotometric quantification of sugars, proteins and phenolic compounds. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated by prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) tests. The capacity to act in the fibrinolytic system (fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities) was also assessed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, copper chelating activity, iron chelating activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide radical scavenging assays. The potential toxicity was evaluated using hemolytic assay and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay on HEK-293 cells. Results: CE showed significant anticoagulant activity in aPTT test, while no action was observed in PT test, suggesting a preferential action toward the intrinsic and/or common pathway of coagulation. No effect was observed in the fibrinolytic system. Using the aPTT test, it was observed that the residual aqueous (RA) fraction was the most active, being two times more active than CE. RA presented very significant antioxidant activity in all models tested comparable to or even higher than CE. Regarding the safety, CE and RA did not produce significant cytotoxicity in both tests employed. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, tannins, steroids and/or terpenoids and sugars. Conclusions: CE and RA possessed significant anticoagulant and antioxidant activity and absence of cytotoxic effect in vitro, thus showing the potential of the plant, especially RA fraction, as a new source of bioactive molecules for therapeutic purposes, with particular emphasis on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: aggressive or protective factor for the retina? Evaluation of macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layers using high-definition optical coherence tomography
(Hindawi, 2015-02-11) Souza Júnior, José Edvan de; Garcia, Carlos Alexandre de Amorim; Soares, Elvira Maria Mafaldo; Maranhão, Técia Maria Oliveira; Lemos, Telma Maria Araujo Moura; Azevedo, George Dantas de
Objective. To compare macular thickness (MT) and retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women. Materials and Methods. The study included 45 women with PCOS and 47 ovulatory women undergoing clinical-gynecological and ophthalmic evaluations, including measurement of MT, RNFL, and optic disc parameters using optical coherence tomography. Results. The superior RNFL around the optic nerve was significantly thicker in PCOS than in healthy volunteers (𝑃 = 0.036). After stratification according to insulin resistance, the temporal inner macula (TIM), the inferior inner macula (IIM), the nasal inner macula (NIM), and the nasal outer macula (NOM) were significantly thicker in PCOS group than in control group (𝑃 < 0.05). Both the presence of obesity associated with insulin resistance (𝑃 = 0.037) and glucose intolerance (𝑃 = 0.001) were associated with significant increase in the PC1 mean score, relative to MT. A significant increase in the PC2 mean score occurred when considering the presence of metabolic syndrome (𝑃 < 0.0001). There was a significant interaction between obesity and inflammation in a decreasing mean PC2 score relative to macular RNFL thickness (𝑃 = 0.034). Conclusion. Decreased macular RNFL thickness and increased total MT are associated with metabolic abnormalities, while increased RNFL thickness around the optic nerve is associated with hormonal changes inherent in PCOS
Trypanosoma cruzi III causing the indeterminate form of Chagas disease in a semi-arid region of Brazil
(Elsevier, 2015-08) Martins, Kiev; Andrade, Cléber de Mesquita; Barbosa-Silva, Andressa Noronha; Nascimento, Gerson Barbosa do; Chiari, Egler; Galvão, Lúcia Maria da Cunha; Câmara, Antonia Cláudia Jácome da
Objective: Trypanosoma cruzi is subdivided into six discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI–TcVI. The precise identification of each can contribute to tracking wild DTUs that invade the domiciliary environment. Methods: Twenty T. cruzi stocks isolated from 16 chagasic patients, two Panstrongylus lutzi, one Galea spixii, and one Euphractus sexcinctus, from different localities in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, were characterized by genotyping the 30 region of the 24Sa rRNA gene, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 gene, and the spliced leader intergenic region. Results: TcIII was identified in 18.7% (3/16) of patients from different municipalities, as well as in P. lutzi, G. spixii, and E. sexcinctus, indicating the connection between the sylvatic and domestic cycles in this Brazilian semi-arid region. TcI and TcII were also detected, in 37.5% (6/16) and 43.8% (7/16) of patients, respectively. These DTUs were associated with cardiac, digestive, and indeterminate clinical forms, while TcIII was identified only in patients with the indeterminate form. Conclusions: The occurrence of these DTUs reveals important phylogenetic diversity in T. cruzi isolates from humans. TcIII is reported for the first time in northeastern Brazil. These findings appear to indicate an overlap between the sylvatic and domestic transmission cycles of the parasite in this region.
Affect-regulated exercise: an alternative approach for lifestyle modification in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
(Taylor and Francis, 2015-09-25) Costa, Eduardo Caldas; Sá, Joceline Cássia Ferezini de; Costa, Ingrid Bezerra Barbosa; Meireles, Rodrigo da Silva Rosa Veleda; Lemos, Telma Maria Araújo Moura; Elsangedy, Hassan Mohamed; Krinski, Kleverton; Azevedo, George Dantas de
Objective: affect-regulated exercise (‘‘ARE’’) is an alternative approach to guide exercise intensity based on feeling of pleasure. The aim of this study was to analyze if overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) meet the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendation regarding to exercise intensity to improve health status during a single bout of ‘‘ARE". Methods: a sample of 14 overweight/obese women with PCOS (18–34 years) performed a single bout of ‘‘ARE’’ (40 min of aerobic exercise on outdoor track). The Feeling Scale (FS) was used to guide ‘‘ARE’’ intensity/pace maintaining an affective valence between ‘‘good’’ and ‘‘very good’’ during all time. Heart rate (HR), speed, % of HR at first and second ventilatory threshold (VT1 and VT2) and time spent at moderate (64–76% of HRmax) and vigorous (77–95% of HRmax) intensity during ‘‘ARE’’ were measured with a global positioning system (GPS) device. Results: volunteers exercised at 73% (68–78%) of HRmax, 5.8 (5.2–6.2) km/h, 93.4% of HR at VT1 (89.3–98.2) and 80.5% of HR at VT2 (75.3–84.6) and spent 480% of time at moderate intensity. Conclusions: overweight/obese women with PCOS met the ACSM recommendation regarding exercise intensity to improve health status when exercised between ‘‘good’’ and ‘‘very good’’ of FS. Thus, ‘‘ARE’’ may be an interesting approach to be used in clinical practice regarding to exercise prescription and/or physical activity advice
The impact of body mass on inflammatory markers and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome
(Taylor and Francis, 2015-11-06) Santos, Ana Celly Souza dos; Soares, Nayara Pereira; Costa, Eduardo Caldas; Sá, Joceline Cássia Ferrezini de; Azevedo, George Dantas de; Lemos, Telma Maria Araújo Moura
Objective: to evaluate inflammatory markers and insulin resistance (IR) in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with different body mass index (BMI). Methods: tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed in serum samples from 40 women in reproductive age. Patients were divided into four groups: I (non-eutrophic with PCOS, n¼12), II (non-eutrophic without PCOS, n¼10), III (eutrophic with PCOS, n¼8) and IV (eutrophic without PCOS, n¼10) being non-eutrophic, the overweight and obese women with BMI425 kg/m2 and eutrophic women with BMI524.9 kg/m2. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) was calculated for evaluation of IR. Results: PCOS patients showed increased levels of CRP (p50.01) and HOMA-IR (p50.01). When divided by BMI, both non-eutrophic and eutrophic PCOS showed increased CRP levels (p50.01) and HOMA-IR (p50.01). There were no differences in TNF-a and IL-6 levels between groups. Conclusion: in the PCOS group, the levels of CRP and IR were elevated, compared to their counterparts, regardless of body mass
Aerobic exercise improves cardiac autonomic modulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
(Elsevier, 2016-01) Sá, Joceline Cassia Ferezini de; Costa, Eduardo Caldas; Silva, Ester da; Tamburús, Nayara Y.; Porta, Alberto; Medeiros, Leany F.; Lemos, Telma Maria Araujo Moura Lemos; Soares, Elvira M. M.; Azevedo, George Dantas de
Background: this study aimed to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on cardiac autonomic modulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: thirty women with PCOS (25.8 ± 4.8 years old; body mass index, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were divided into two groups; exercise group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). R–R interval was recorded during 15-min at rest in the supine position. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed by linear (rMSSD, SDNN, LF, HF, LFnu, HFnu, and LF/HF) and nonlinear methods (Shannon entropy, SE; symbolic analyses, 0 V%, 1 V%, 2LV%, and 2UV%) at baseline and after 16 weeks. The multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the effects of exercise on HRV indexes, adjusted for changes in BMI, fasting insulin, and testosterone level. Results: the exercise group increased parasympathetic modulation (rMSSD, HF, HFnu, 2UV%; (p b 0.05)) and decreased sympathetic modulation (LF, LFnu, 0 V%; (p b 0.05)) independently of changes in BMI, fasting insulin, and testosterone level. Moreover, the exercise group decreased resting HR and systolic blood pressure (p b 0.05). All parameters remained unchanged in the control group. Conclusions: aerobic exercise increased vagal modulation and decreased sympathetic modulation in women with PCOS. This finding reinforces the recommendations for exercise during the clinical management of these patients
Diet-Induced weight loss reduces DNA damage and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
(Karger Publishers, 2016-04-14) Soares, Nayara Pereira; Santos, Ana Celly Souza dos; Costa, Eduardo Caldas; Azevedo, George Dantas de; Damasceno, Débora Cristina; Fayh, Ana Paula Trussardi; Lemos, Telma Maria Araujo Moura
Aims: we aimed to investigate the impact of following a diet to induce weight loss (500 kcal deficit per day) over DNA damage and cardiometabolic risk factors in women with overweight/obesity diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: a study was conducted in Natal, RN, Brazil selecting overweight/obese (body mass index ≥25 and <39 kg/m2) women (18-35 years). The levels of DNA damage were assessed by a single cell gel electrophoresis. Repeated 24 h dietary recall questionnaires, anthropometry, biochemical profile and sex hormones were collected at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. Results: Women exhibiting a decrease in the markers of DNA damage: tail intensity (24.35 ± 5.86 - pre diet vs. 17.15 ± 5.04 - post-diet; p < 0.001) and tail moment (20.47 ± 7.85 - pre diet vs. 14.13 ± 6.29 - post-diet; p < 0.002). Reduction of calorie intake, weight loss, decreased sexual hormone and cardiometabolic markers such as insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were verified In the multivariate regression analysis, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and progesterone were responsible for the variation markers in DNA damage before the diet, losing its influence upon diet. Conclusion: DNA damage and the impact of cardiometabolic risk factors decreased after the intervention in women with PCOS, indicating the relevance of a nutritional approach in this group of patients
Clustering of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in low-income, female adolescents
(Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, 2016-06) Melo, Elza Maria Fernandes Seabra de; Azevedo, George Dantas de; Silva, João Batista da; Lemos, Telma Maria Araujo Moura; Maranhão, Técia M. O.; Freitas, Ana Karla Monteiro Santana de Oliveira; Spyrides, Maria H.; Costa, Eduardo Caldas
Objective: To assess the prevalence and clustering patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors among low-income, female adolescents. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study involving 196 students of public schools (11-19 years old). The following risk factors were considered in the analysis: excess weight, central obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. The ratio between observed and expected prevalence and its confidence interval were used to identify clustering of risk factors that exceeded expected prevalence in the population. Results: The most prevalent risk factors were dyslipidemia (70.9%), and central obesity (39.8%), followed by excess weight (29.6%), and high blood pressure (12.8%). A total of 42.9% of adolescents had two or more risk factors, and 24% had three or more. Excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia were common risk factors in the clustering patterns that showed higher-than-expected prevalence. Conclusions: Clustering of risk factors (≥ two factors) among the adolescents showed considerable prevalence, and there was a non-casual coexistence of excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia (mainly low HDL-cholesterol).

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