Navegando por Autor "Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Mota"
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Artigo Lucid dreaming increased during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2022-09-14) Nunes, Priscilla Kelly da Silva Barros; Macêdo, T; Felipe, T; Maia, M; Suely, A; Herminia, G; Jatahy, M; Gomes, L; Barroso, L; Lima, Thiago Zaqueu de; Holzinger, B; Ribeiro, Sidarta Tollendal Gomes; Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro MotaThe COVID-19 pandemic changed people's lives all over the world. While anxiety and stress decreased sleep quality for most people, an increase in total sleep time was also observed in certain cohorts. Dream recall frequency also increased, especially for nightmares. However, to date, there are no consistent reports focusing on pandemic-related changes in lucid dreaming, a state during which dreamers become conscious of being in a dream as it unfolds. Here we investigated lucid dreaming recall frequency and other sleep variables in 1,857 Brazilian subjects, using an online questionnaire. Firstly, we found that most participants (64.78%) maintained their lucid dream recall frequency during the pandemic, but a considerable fraction (22.62%) informed that lucid dreams became more frequent, whereas a smaller subset (12.60%) reported a decrease in these events during the pandemic. Secondly, the number of participants reporting lucid dreams at least once per week increased during the pandemic. Using a mixed logistic regression model, we confirmed that the pandemic significantly enhanced the recall frequency of lucid dreams (p = 0.002). Such increase in lucid dreaming during the pandemic was significantly associated with an enhancement in both dream and nightmare recall frequencies, as well as with sleep quality and symptoms of REM sleep behavior disorder. Pandemic-related increases in stress, anxiety, sleep fragmentation, and sleep extension, which enhance REM sleep awakening, may be associated with the increase in the occurrence of lucid dreams, dreams in general, and nightmaresTese Relação dos sonhos antecipatórios com desempenho cognitivo, afeto e comportamento da vigília(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015-06-22) Scott, Rafael Neia Barbosa; Ribeiro, Sidarta Tollendal Gomes; Araújo, John Fontenele; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3347815035685882; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0649912135067700; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3754637697441868; Pereira, Cecilia Hedin; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9205085846499207; Lopes, Fívia de Araújo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2583445528542625; Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Mota; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4726737296252279O sono promove alterações quantitativas e qualitativas na memória, mas ainda não é clara qual a função dos sonhos nesse processamento. Nossa hipótese considera que a função onírica é relevante por simular possíveis cenários de sucesso e fracasso para maximizar o sucesso do indivíduo, através de aprendizado sem riscos e direcionamento adaptativo do comportamento na vigília. Realizamos dois experimentos distintos, utilizando como evento significativo: (1) o exame vestibular de acesso à universidade; (2) uma simulação em videogame do confronto Presa versus Predador. No experimento (1), abordamos os candidatos do vestibular UFRN 2010, solicitamos que preenchessem um questionário e comparamos suas respostas com o desempenho nas provas (n = 255). Verificamos que 44,3% dos participantes reportaram um sonho antecipatório relacionado ao vestibular. A ocorrência desse tipo de sonho correspondeu a maiores escores de medo e apreensão, e maiores alterações no cotidiano, no humor e no sono em função do vestibular. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas de desempenho na comparação direta entre quem sonhou e não sonhou com o exame. Observamos uma baixa proporção de homens no grupo que sonhou, mas participantes do sexo masculino apresentaram melhor desempenho a priori que o feminino. Entre os que sonharam com o vestibular, encontramos uma correlação positiva entre alterações do cotidiano e desempenho; candidatos que julgaram a dificuldade do vestibular como “alta” apresentaram melhor rendimento do que os que julgaram a dificuldade “média”, sugerindo uma relação do sonho com a adaptação a contextos desafiadores. No experimento (2) utilizamos como tarefa um jogo de videogame de tiro em primeira pessoa. O desenho experimental incluiu: Treino - Cochilo (sono diurno) - Teste. A cada sessão dois participantes jogavam entre si, um no papel de Caçador (Objetivo: localizar e matar adversário) e outro como Presa (Objetivo: localizar e coletar itens), sendo monitorados eletrofisiologicamente durante todo o experimento (EEG, ECG, EOG e EMG). A maioria dos voluntários (53,8%, n=26) relatou sonhar com conteúdos relacionados ao jogo, o que esteve associado com o aumento da atividade cardíaca média durante os jogos. Nas Presas observamos efeito entre desempenho e sonho com o jogo: aquelas que não sonharam mataram mais o Predador e também morreram mais do que aquelas que sonharam. As Presas que sonharam com o jogo também coletaram mais itens do que as Presas que não sonharam. Assim, Presas que sonharam com o jogo apresentaram ganhos no escore do Objetivo, e aquelas que não sonharam apresentaram perdas. Análises da atividade cardíaca e do sono demonstraram maior estresse entre as Presas. O sonho com o jogo provocou redução do comportamento de agressão ao Predador, com maior eficiência no forrageio e otimização da resposta de luta-ou-fuga. Finalmente, encontramos uma associação entre sonhos e diminuição das interações violentas entre Treino e Teste, sugerindo uma função social para a atividade onírica em humanos. Em conjunto, os experimentos reforçam a noção de que o sonho com desafios da vigília tem papel adaptativo.Artigo Structural differences between REM and non-REM dream reports assessed by graph analysis(2020-07-23) Martin, Joshua Michael; Andriano, Danyal Wainstein; Mota, Natália Bezerra; Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Mota; Araujo, John Fontenele; Ribeiro, Sidarta Tollendal GomesDream reports collected after rapid eye movement sleep (REM) awakenings are, on average, longer, more vivid, bizarre, emotional and story-like compared to those collected after non-REM. However, a comparison of the word-to-word structural organization of dream reports is lacking, and traditional measures that distinguish REM and non-REM dreaming may be confounded by report length. This problem is amenable to the analysis of dream reports as non-semantic directed word graphs, which provide a structural assessment of oral reports, while controlling for individual differences in verbosity. Against this background, the present study had two main aims: Firstly, to investigate differences in graph structure between REM and non-REM dream reports, and secondly, to evaluate how non-semantic directed word graph analysis compares to the widely used measure of report length in dream analysis. To do this, we analyzed a set of 133 dream reports obtained from 20 participants in controlled laboratory awakenings from REM and N2 sleep. We found that: (1) graphs from REM sleep possess a larger connectedness compared to those from N2; (2) measures of graph structure can predict ratings of dream complexity, where increases in connectedness and decreases in randomness are observed in relation to increasing dream report complexity; and (3) measures of the Largest Connected Component of a graph can improve a model containing report length in predicting sleep stage and dream report complexity. These results indicate that dream reports sampled after REM awakening have on average a larger connectedness compared to those sampled after N2 (i.e. words recur with a longer range), a difference which appears to be related to underlying differences in dream complexity. Altogether, graph analysis represents a promising method for dream research, due to its automated nature and potential to complement report length in dream analysis.Artigo The dream of God: how do religion and science see lucid dreaming and other conscious states during sleep?(Frontiers Media SA, 2020-10) Rolim, Sérgio Arthuro Mota; Bulkeley, Kelly; Esmaile, Stephany Campanelli; Soares, Bruno Lobão; Araújo, Dráulio Barros de; Ribeiro, Sidarta Tollendal GomesLucid dreaming (LD) began to be scientifically studied in the last century, but various religions have highlighted the importance of LD in their doctrines for a much longer period. Hindus’ manuscripts dating back over 2,000 years ago, for example, divide consciousness in waking, dreaming (including LD), and deep sleep. In the Buddhist tradition, Tibetan monks have been practicing the “Dream Yoga,” a meditation technique that instructs dreamers to recognize the dream, overcome all fears when lucid, and control the oneiric content. In the Islamic sacred scriptures, LD is regarded as a mental state of great value, and a special way for the initiated to reach mystical experiences. The Christian theologian Augustine of Hippo (354–430 AD) mentions LD as a kind of preview of the afterlife, when the soul separates from the body. In the nineteenth century, some branches of the Spiritism religion argue that LD precedes out-of-body experiences during sleep. Here we reviewed how these religions interpret dreams, LD and other conscious states during sleep. We observed that while Abrahamic monotheisms (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) recognize dreams as a way to communicate with God to understand the present and predict the future, the traditional Indian religions (Buddhism and Hinduism) are more engaged in cultivating self-awareness, thus developed specific techniques to induce LD and witnessing sleep. Teachings from religious traditions around the world offer important insights for scientific researchers today who want to understand the full range of LD phenomenology as it has emerged through history