Navegando por Autor "Perkins, Daniel"
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Artigo Moderators of ayahuasca’s biological antidepressant action(Frontiers Media SA, 2022-12) Sousa Júnior, Geovan Menezes de; Tavares, Vagner Deuel de Oliveira; Galvão, Ana Cecília de Menezes; Almeida, Raíssa Nóbrega de; Fontes, Fernanda Palhano Xavier de; Soares, Bruno Lobão; Freire, Fúlvio Aurélio de Morais; Nunes, Emerson Arcoverde; Oliveira, João Paulo Maia de; Perkins, Daniel; Sarris, Jerome; Araujo, Draulio Barros de; Coelho, Nicole Leite GalvãoIntroduction: The understanding of biological responses to psychedelics with antidepressant potential is imperative. Here we report how a set of acute parameters, namely emotional (depressive symptoms), cognitive (psychedelic experience), and physiological (salivary cortisol), recorded during an ayahuasca dosing session, modulated serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serum cortisol (SC), serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), and salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR). Methods: Results were analyzed 2 days after the psychedelic intervention (ayahuasca) versus placebo in both patients with treatment-resistant depression and healthy volunteers. These measures were assessed as part of a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (n = 72). Results: Results revealed that larger reductions of depressive symptoms during the dosing session significantly moderated higher levels of SC in patients. Whereas lesser changes in salivary cortisol levels during the ayahuasca intervention were related to higher BDNF levels in patients with a larger clinical response in the reduction in depressive symptoms. No moderator was found for patient's CAR, IL-6, and CRP responses to ayahuasca and for all biomarker responses to ayahuasca in healthy controls and in the placebo group. Discussion: In summary, some specific emotional and physiological parameters during experimental ayahuasca session were revealed as critical moderators of the improvement of major depression biomarkers, mainly BDNF and SC two days after ayahuasca intake. These findings contribute to paving the way for future studies investigating the biological antidepressant response to psychedelic therapyArtigo Prophylactic action of ayahuasca in a non-human primate model of depressive-like behavior(Frontiers Media SA, 2022-11) Grilo, Maria Lara Porpino de Meiroz; Sousa, Geovan Menezes de; Mendonça, Lilían Andrade Carlos de; Soares, Bruno Lobão; Sousa, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de; Fontes, Fernanda Palhano Xavier de; Araujo, Draulio Barros de; Perkins, Daniel; Hallak, Jaime Eduardo Cecilio; Coelho, Nicole Leite GalvãoObservational studies of long-term users of ayahuasca, an Amazonian psychedelic brew, suggest an increase in resilience via improvements in emotion and cognition. Ayahuasca has also demonstrated clinical antidepressant effects in human and animal studies; however, its potential prophylactic action in depression has not been previously studied. Therefore, this experimental study sought to evaluate the potential prophylactic effects of repeated and long-term ayahuasca use, via the modulation of resilience, in a non-human primate animal model, Callithrix jacchus, subjected to a protocol for induction of depressive-like behavior. For the formation of the study groups, some juvenile marmosets were kept in their family groups (GF = 7), while for the two experimental groups, the animals were removed from the family and kept socially isolated. Then, part of the isolated animals made up the group in which ayahuasca was administered (AG, n = 6), while for others, no intervention was made (IG, n = 5). AG animals took ayahuasca (1.67 mL/300g body weight) at weeks 4 (before isolation), 8, and 12 (during isolation) of the study. More adaptive stress response was observed for the AG when compared to the IG. The AG showed higher cortisol reactivity and fecal cortisol levels than IG, while both measures were similar to FG. Moreover, AG animals showed no signs of anhedonia and no increase in chronic stress-related behaviors, which were expressed by the IG. Thus, ayahuasca seems to promote the expression of resilient responses, indicating a prophylactic action, buffering the emergence of depressive-like behaviors and cortisol alterations associated with major depression. These results are encouraging for further research on the prophylactic use of psychedelics to prevent psychopathologies associated with chronic stress