Navegando por Autor "Espelt, Albert"

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Multimorbidity and its associated factors among adults aged 50 and over: a crosssectional study in 17 European countries
(Plos One, 2021) Souza, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de; Fabregas, Albert Oliveras; Espelt, Albert; Prous, Marina Bosque; Cancela, Marianna de Camargo; Compaño, Ester Teixido; Roig, Javier Jerez; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-3120
To estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity among European community-dwelling adults, as well as to analyse the association with gender, age, education, self-rated health, loneliness, quality of life, size of social network, Body Mass Index (BMI) and disability. Methods A cross-sectional study based on wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was conducted, and community-dwelling participants aged 50+ (n = 63,844) from 17 European countries were selected. Multimorbidity was defined as presenting two or more health conditions. The independent variables were gender, age group, educational level, self-rated health, loneliness, size of network, quality of life, BMI and disability (1+ limitations of basic activities of daily living). Poisson regression models with robust variance were fit for bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The prevalence of multimorbidity was 28.2% (confidence interval–CI 95%: 27.5.8–29.0) among men and 34.5% (CI95%: 34.1–35.4) among women. The most common health conditions were cardiometabolic and osteoarticular diseases in both genders, and emotional disorders in younger women. A large variability in the prevalence of multimorbidity in European countries was verified, even between countries of the same region. Conclusions: Multimorbidity was associated with sociodemographic and physical characteristics, self-rated health, quality of life and loneliness
Prevalence of voice disorders in the elderly: a systematic review of population-based studies
(2014) Pernambuco, Leandro de Araújo; Espelt, Albert; Balata, Patrícia Maria Mendes; Lima, Kenio Costa de
Voice disorders can occur in the elderly as a result of natural anatomical and physiological changes or greater exposure to pathological conditions in the aging, affecting communication and quality of life. Nevertheless, data about the prevalence of voice disorders in this phase of life are not well known in a population-based perspective. The aim of the present systematic review was to identify the prevalence of vocal disorders in persons aged 60 years or more in population-based studies. A systematic review was undertaken in eleven electronic databases based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement (PRISMA) criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed with strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) directives. The search was conducted independently by two researchers. Four articles satisfied the criteria of eligibility. The prevalence of vocal disorders in the general population aged 60 years or more ranged from 4.8 to 29.1%. The studies were different in terms of the methodological procedures and the STROBE directives were not completely satisfied by any of the articles selected. The prevalence of vocal disorders in the general elderly population ranged from low to moderate in population-based studies. The methodological discrepancies of the studies compromised the reliability of the estimated data. Upgrading the methodological quality of studies and designing a short, valid and easy-to-use functional voice-related instrument are urgently required in health surveys to determine the prevalence of vocal disorders among elderly individuals.
Recomendações para elaboração, tradução, adaptação transcultural e processo de validação de testes em Fonoaudiologia
(Codas, 2017) Magalhães Junior, Hipólito Virgílio; Pernambuco, Leandro de Araújo; Lima, Kenio Costa de; Espelt, Albert
Objetivo: apresentar um guia com recomendações para a tradução, adaptação, elaboração e processo de validação de testes em Fonoaudiologia. Método: as recomendações apresentadas foram baseadas em diretrizes internacionais tradicionais cujo enfoque está na elaboração, tradução, adaptação transcultural e processo de validação de testes. Resultados: as recomendações foram compiladas em dois quadros, sendo um deles referente aos procedimentos para tradução e adaptação transcultural e o outro à obtenção de evidências de validade, confiabilidade e medidas de acurácia dos testes. Conclusão: foi apresentado um guia com as principais recomendações para a organização e sistematização do processo de elaboração, tradução, adaptação transcultural e processo de validação de testes em Fonoaudiologia.
Regional differences in the profile of disabled community-dwelling older adults: a European population-based cross-sectional study
(Plos One, 2018) Souza, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de; Jerez-Roig, Javier; Prous, Marina Bosque; Garriga, Maria Gine; Calafat, Caritat Bagur; Compaño, Ester Teixido; Espelt, Albert; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8426-3120
The main objective of this work was to estimate the prevalence of disability in European community-dwelling older adults, as well as to investigate differences in the profile of disabled older adults between European regions (Northern, Central, Eastern and Southern). A cross-sectional study based on wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) was conducted. Community-dwelling participants aged 65–84 were selected (n = 33,369). Disability was defined as presenting at least one functional limitation in basic activities of daily living (BADL). Sociodemographic, health services, lifestyle and health-related variables were analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out through the Chi-square and ANOVA tests for bivariate analysis, and Poisson regression for multivariate analysis. Overall prevalence of disability was 13.8%: 9.4% in the Northern region, 13.1% in the Southern region, 13.6% in the Central region, and 16.6% in the Eastern region. Portugal, Poland, Estonia and Belgium showed the highest prevalence of BADL limitations, while Sweden, Denmark, Greece and Switzerland showed the lowest prevalence. Besides, disabled older adults from East Europe presented the most disadvantaged health profile, followed by the Southern region. On the other hand, disabled older adults living in the Northern region showed the most advantaged characteristics of most variables, except for smoking and polypharmacy
Screening for voice disorders in older adults (rastreamento de alterações vocais em idosos-RAVI) - part I: validity evidence based on test content and response processes
(2016) Pernambuco, Leandro de Araújo; Espelt, Albert; Magalhães Júnior, Hipólito Virgílio; Cavalcanti, Renata Veiga Andersen; Lima, Kenio Costa de
To identify the validity evidence based on the content and response processes of the Rastreamento de Alterações Vocais em Idosos (RAVI; "Screening for Voice Disorders in Older Adults"), an epidemiologic screening for voice disorders in older adults. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective, nonrandomized, cross-sectional, validation study. METHODS: Criteria for defining the domains and elaborating the questions were established to confirm the validity evidence based on the content. A multidisciplinary committee of 19 experts evaluated the questions, and the relevance and representation of the domains were analyzed using the Content Validity Index for Items (CVI-I) and the Content Validity Index (CVI), respectively. For validity evidence based on the response processes, 40 individuals of both sexes, aged ≥60 years, were stratified by demographic and socioeconomic condition. They responded to the RAVI, made suggestions, and their verbal and nonverbal reactions were observed. RESULTS: The first version of the RAVI consisted of 20 questions related to sensations and perceptions associated with the voice. Although the CVI value of 0.80 was satisfactory, the CVI-I and the suggestions of the expert committee indicated that the scale needed to be reformulated. Consultation with older adults indicated a need for further adjustment. The preliminary version of the RAVI consisted of 16 questions. CONCLUSIONS: The two aspects of validity evidence described in the present study were essential for adapting the questions to better fit the construct of the questionnaire. Other aspects of validity evidence and reliability analysis will be described in part II of this study.
Screening for Voice Disorders in Older adults (Rastreamento de Alterações Vocais em Idosos—RAVI)—Part I: Validity evidence based on test content and response processes
(Elsevier, 2016) Magalhães Junior, Hipólito Virgílio; Pernambuco, Leandro de Araújo; Espelt, Albert; Cavalcanti, Renata Veiga Andersen; Lima, Kenio Costa de
Purpose: To identify the validity evidence based on the content and response processes of the Rastreamento de Alterações Vocais em Idosos (RAVI; “Screening for Voice Disorders in Older Adults”), an epidemiologic screening for voice disorders in older adults. Study Design: This is a prospective, nonrandomized, cross-sectional, validation study. Methods: Criteria for defining the domains and elaborating the questions were established to confirm the validity evidence based on the content. A multidisciplinary committee of 19 experts evaluated the questions, and the relevance and representation of the domains were analyzed using the Content Validity Index for Items (CVI-I) and the Content Validity Index (CVI), respectively. For validity evidence based on the response processes, 40 individuals of both sexes, aged ≥60 years, were stratified by demographic and socioeconomic condition. They responded to the RAVI, made suggestions, and their verbal and nonverbal reactions were observed. Results: The first version of the RAVI consisted of 20 questions related to sensations and perceptions associated with the voice. Although the CVI value of 0.80 was satisfactory, the CVI-I and the suggestions of the expert committee indicated that the scale needed to be reformulated. Consultation with older adults indicated a need for further adjustment. The preliminary version of the RAVI consisted of 16 questions. Conclusions: The two aspects of validity evidence described in the present study were essential for adapting the questions to better fit the construct of the questionnaire. Other aspects of validity evidence and reliability analysis will be described in part II of this study.

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Navegando por Autor "Espelt, Albert"